ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2023
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the young children participation and environment measure for its use in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Correlates of social participation of children with special healthcare needs: baseline of the PART-CHILD study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Thinking-aloud methodology applied to health questionnaire development and validation: a scoping review.BMC medical research methodology · 2026Article
- Refining implementation determinants and strategies to scale an electronic assessment option for coordinating family-centred care in early intervention.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Environmental Restriction Questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of Turkish version in young children with developmental disabilities.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Measuring Community and Home Participation and Environmental Factors in Children with Cerebral Palsy.Pediatric reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, cultural equivalence must be assured when using a measure like the Young Children Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) in other settings than the original English-speaking contexts. This study aimed to cross-culturally translate and adapt the YC-PEM into German as it is used in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Methods: Following international guidelines, two translations were compared, and the research and expert team made the first adaptations. Twelve caregivers of children with and without disabilities from three German-speaking countries participated in two rounds of think-aloud interviews. Data were analyzed by content analysis to look for item, semantic, operational, conceptual, and measurement equivalence to reach a cultural equivalence version in German. Results: Adaptations were needed in all fields but prominently in item, operational, and conceptual equivalence. Operational equivalence resulted in graphical adaptations in the instructions and questions to make the German version of YC-PEM, YC-PEM (G), more user-friendly. Conclusion: This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the YC-PEM suitable for Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. A culturally adapted YC-PEM (G) is now available for research, practice, and further validation.
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