Observational studyActa neurologica Belgica2024
Predictors of relapse severity in multiple sclerosis.
Observational study in Acta neurologica Belgica, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoldering neuroinflammation in progressive multiple sclerosis: mechanisms, imaging biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe severity of relapses is one of the determinants of residual disability in multiple sclerosis (MS), contributing to the final progressive state. However, the factors that predict the severity of relapses are not fully understood.
aimTo predict relapse severity in MS and investigate the relationship between relapse severity and the degree of improvement in physical, cognitive, and social tests.
methodsThis observational single-center study prospectively assesses relapse severity in patients with MS. Relapses were classified as mild, moderate, and severe. Before relapse treatment and 1 month into remission four physical tests, four cognitive tests, and six surveys were performed. Multinomial regression analyses were applied to predict relapse severity.
resultsA total of 126 relapses were studied prospectively. Twenty-two were lost to follow-up. Multiple sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQol) questionnaire (r = 0.28, p = 0.006) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT, r = 0.23, p = 0.022) improvement statuses were correlated with the severity of the relapse. Higher cases with improvement were observed in the severe relapse group on both MusiQol and SDMT, but no difference for those with a mild relapse. In the predictive model, only disease duration [Odds Ratio (OR) 0.808 95% confidence ınterval (CI) 0.691 to 0.945; p = 0.008] and Body Mass Index (BMI, OR 1.148 95% CI 1.018 to 1.294; p = 0.024) were associated with relapse severity.
conclusionOnly disease duration was found to be predictive of relapse severity among disease-related variables. On the other hand, BMI may be a modifiable patient-related factor to consider in the management of exacerbations in MS.
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