Trial reportAnnals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology2024
Azithromycin therapy in infants hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Airway matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels and subsequent recurrent wheeze.
Trial report in Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02911935 (Azithromycin to Prevent Wheezing Following Severe RSV Bronchiolitis-II), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Azithromycin to Prevent Wheezing Following Severe RSV Bronchiolitis-II
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a Therapeutic Target: Insights into Molecular Pathways and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Recent advances in the prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus disease.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Early risk identification for recurrent wheezing in children with respiratory syncytial virus infections.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Repositioning of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Viral Infections.Current microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly life respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a significant risk factor for childhood asthma. In vitro and in vivo studies suggested that decreasing levels of airway matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 during RSV bronchiolitis may be associated with clinical benefits.
objectiveTo investigate whether azithromycin therapy during severe RSV bronchiolitis reduces upper airway MMP-9 levels, whether upper airway MMP-9 levels correlate with upper airway interleukin IL-8 levels, and whether MMP-9 level reduction is associated with reduced post-RSV recurrent wheeze (RW).
methodsA total of 200 otherwise healthy 1- to 18-month-old infants hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis were randomized into a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral azithromycin (10 mg/kg daily for 7 days followed by 5 mg/kg daily for 7 days) or placebo. Infants were followed for 2 to 4 years for the outcome of RW (3 or more wheezing episodes). Nasal lavage samples for MMP-9 levels were obtained at baseline, day 14 (end of the study treatment), and after 6 months.
resultsUpper airway MMP-9 levels were highly correlated with IL-8 levels at all 3 time points: randomization, day 14, and 6 months (r = 0.80; P < .0001 for all time points). MMP-9 levels were similar between treatment groups at randomization, were lower on day 14 among children treated with azithromycin (P = .0085), but no longer different after 6 months. MMP-9 levels at baseline and change from baseline to day 14 were not associated with the development of RW (P = .49, .39, respectively).
conclusionAzithromycin therapy in children hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis had a short-term anti-inflammatory effect in reducing upper airway MMP-9 levels. However, the reduction in MMP-9 levels did not relate to subsequent RW post-RSV.
trial registrationThis study is a secondary analysis of the Azithromycin to Prevent Wheezing following severe RSV bronchiolitis-II clinical trial registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02911935).
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