ArticlePLOS global public health2024
Implementation of cervical cancer prevention and screening across five tertiary hospitals in Nepal and its policy implications: A mixed-methods study.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors for human papillomavirus infection in Nepal.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating the Sociocultural Barriers Impacting Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening Among Nepali and Bhutanese Women in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.Journal of community health · 2026Article
- Cervical cancer prevention behaviors and determinants among Indigenous women in rural Nepal.Health promotion international · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrating pocket colposcope and telecolposcopy into VIA-based screening at primary healthcare centers for cervical cancer prevention in LMICs.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of health education interventions for cervical cancer screening: A quasi-experimental study in Pokhara Metropolitan Slum, Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Burden and Risk Factor Patterns of Reproductive System Tumors and Non-Tumor Diseases Among Asian Women, 1990-2021: Evidence from the GBD Study.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- A Report from a Community-Centric Cancer Control Approach in the Post-Conflict Northern Province of Sri Lanka.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Exploring perceived barriers and facilitators to using mobile phone technology for delivering HPV test results in malawi: a qualitative study with HPV-Screened women, healthcare providers, and health officials.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Are we ready for self-sampling for cervical cancer screening? Insights from service providers and policy makers in Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Nepal, cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women despite the existing policies. This study intends to assess the implementation of cervical cancer prevention and screening through service utilization by women, knowledge and attitude among health professionals, and the perceptions of stakeholders in Nepal. This mixed-methods study was conducted in 2022 across five tertiary hospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal. The quantitative study comprised the health professionals and women attending gynecology outpatient clinics from the selected hospitals. The qualitative study comprised stakeholders including service providers and experts on cervical cancer from selected hospitals, civil societies, and the Ministry of Health and Population. The utilization of screening through pap smear among 657 women across five hospitals was 22.2% and HPV vaccination was 1.5%. The utilization of cervical cancer screening was associated with older age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.09, CI: 1.07, 8.19], married (AOR = 3.024, CI: 1.12, 8.19), higher education (AOR = 3.024, CI:1.12, 8.42), oral contraceptives use (AOR = 2.49, CI: 1.36, 4.39), and ever heard of cervical cancer screening (AOR = 13.28, CI: 6.85, 25.73). Among 254 health professionals, the knowledge score was positively associated with them ever having a training [Standardized Beta (β) = 0.20, CI: 0.44, 2.43)] and having outreach activities in their hospital (β = 0.19 CI: 0.89, 9.53) regarding cervical cancer screening. The female as compared to male health professionals (β = 0.16, CI: 0.41, 8.16, P = 0.03) and having a cervical cancer screening guideline as compared to none (β = 0.19 CI: 0.89, 9.53, P = 0.026) were more likely to have a better attitude for screening. The qualitative findings among 23 stakeholders reflected implementation challenges in policy, supply, service delivery, providers, and community. This study showed low utilization of prevention and services by women and implementation gaps on cervical cancer prevention and screening services across five tertiary hospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal. The findings could help designing more focused interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.