ArticlePLOS global public health2024
Infection prevention and control measures to reduce the transmission of mpox: A systematic review.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondary attack rates after mpox exposure in multiple settings during the 2022-2024 pandemic: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Routes of transmission of mpox by virus clade and geographic distribution: A systematic review.Journal of infection and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Monkeypox Virus in Healthcare Settings, Sierra Leone, June 2025.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Assessing the impact of vaccination and behavioural change on Mpox transmission in high-risk groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo using an age-structured mathematical model.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Mpox Awareness and Infection Control Practices Among Hospital Nurses and Healthcare Workers in Bangladesh.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- The emergence of Clade IIb and Ib mpox viruses: a state-of-the-art review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- The Emerging Threat of Monkeypox: An Updated Overview.Viruses · 2026Review
- Best practice of gastrointestinal endoscopy during Mpox upsurge: an Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy recommendation.Clinical endoscopy · 2025Review
- Mpox and cancer: Dual dangers.Medical journal, Armed Forces India · 2025Article
- Air and surface sampling for clade Ib monkeypox virus in United Kingdom hospitals, 2024 to 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- The resurgence of monkeypox clade Ib: a global health emergency and concern.Archives of virology · 2025Review
- Personalized immunization against Mpox Clades I and Ib: Strategies to combat the emerging epidemic.Infectious medicine · 2025Review
- Mpox: current knowledge and understanding-a scoping review.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Article
- Virology, epidemiology, transmissions, diagnostic tests, prophylaxis and treatments of human Mpox: Saudi Arabia perspective.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Mpox and Breastfeeding in Sub-Saharan Africa: Clinical, Program, and Policy Recommendations.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2025Article
- Mpox: An emerging or re-emerging infection with a potential colossal burden on healthcare globally.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2025Review
- Assessing mpox epidemic readiness status in ECOWAS region: strengths, gaps, and recommendations for an improved response.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- The resurgence of monkeypox virus: a critical global health challenge and the need for vigilant intervention.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Knowledge and attitude of human monkeypox among university students and staff in Tehran, Iran.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Time series modelling and forecasting of Monkeypox outbreak trends Africa's in most affected countries.New microbes and new infections · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo make inferences regarding the effectiveness of respiratory interventions and case isolation measures in reducing or preventing the transmission of mpox based on synthesis of available literature.
methodsThe WHO Clinical Management and Infection Prevention and Control 2022 guideline and droplet precautions in healthcare facilities and home isolation infection prevention control measures for patients with mpox. We conducted a systematic review that included a broad search of five electronic databases. In a two-stage process, we initially sought only randomized controlled trials and observational comparative studies; when the search failed to yield eligible studies, the subsequent search included all study designs including clinical and environmental sampling studies.
resultsNo studies were identified that directly addressed airborne and droplet precautions and home isolation infection prevention control measures. To inform the review questions the review team synthesized route of transmission data in mpox. There were 2366/4309 (54.9%) cases in which investigators identified mpox infection occurring following transmission through direct physical sexual contact. There were no reported mpox cases in which investigators identified inhalation as a single route of transmission. There were 2/4309 cases in which investigators identified fomite as a single route of transmission. Clinical and environmental sampling studies isolated mpox virus in a minority of saliva, oropharangeal swabs, mpox skin lesions, and hospital room air.
conclusionsCurrent findings provide compelling evidence that transmission of mpox occurs through direct physical contact. Because investigators have not reported any cases of transmission via inhalation alone, the impact of airborne and droplet infection prevention control measures in reducing transmission will be minimal. Avoiding physical contact with others, covering mpox lesions and wearing a medical mask is likely to reduce onward mpox transmission; there may be minimal reduction in transmission from additionally physically isolating patients with mild disease at home.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.