Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38236418›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2025

Determinants and reference values of the 6-min walk distance in the general population-results of the population-based STAAB cohort study.

Caroline Morbach, Nicola Moser, Vladimir Cejka, Michael Stach, Floran Sahiti, Fabian Kerwagen, Stefan Frantz, Rüdiger Pryss, Götz Gelbrich, Peter U Heuschmann and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Caroline MorbachDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany. Morbach_C@ukw.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0920-6094
Nicola MoserDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Vladimir CejkaDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Michael StachInstitute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Floran SahitiDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Fabian KerwagenDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Stefan FrantzDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Rüdiger PryssInstitute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Götz GelbrichDepartment Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Peter U Heuschmann *Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
Stefan Störk *Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
STAAB consortium

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung BMBF 01EO1004Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung BMBF 01EO1504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe 6-min walk test is an inexpensive, safe, and easy tool to assess functional capacity in patients with cardiopulmonary diseases including heart failure (HF). There is a lack of reference values, which are a prerequisite for the interpretation of test results in patients. Furthermore, determinants independent of the respective disease need to be considered when interpreting the 6-min walk distance (6MWD).

methodsThe prospective Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A-B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) cohort study investigates a representative sample of residents of the City of Würzburg, Germany, aged 30 to 79 years, without a history of HF. Participants underwent detailed clinical and echocardiographic phenotyping as well as a standardized assessment of the 6MWD using a 15-m hallway.

resultsIn a sample of 2762 participants (51% women, mean age 58 ± 11 years), we identified age and height, but not sex, as determinants of the 6MWD. While a worse metabolic profile showed a negative association with the 6MWD, a better systolic and diastolic function showed a positive association with 6MWD. From a subgroup of 681 individuals without any cardiovascular risk factors (60% women, mean age 52 ± 10 years), we computed age- and height-specific reference percentiles.

conclusionIn a representative sample of the general population free from HF, we identified determinants of the 6MWD implying objective physical fitness associated with metabolic health as well as with cardiac structure and function. Furthermore, we derived reference percentiles applicable when using a 15-m hallway.

Indexed as

Exercise ToleranceHeart FailureWalk TestAdultAgedDisease ProgressionEchocardiographyFemaleGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReference ValuesCardiopulmonary exercise capacityFunctional capacityNormal valuesOnline calculatorPhysical fitnessSix-minute walk test

Identifiers

PMID38236418
PMCPMC12408663

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.