Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38235143›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2023

Interleukin-15 responses to acute and chronic exercise in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mousa Khalafi, Aref Habibi Maleki, Michael E Symonds, Mohammad Hossein Sakhaei, Sara K Rosenkranz, Mahsa Ehsanifar, Mallikarjuna Korivi, Yubo Liu

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Inflammation-Insulin Resistance Crosstalk and the Central Role of Myokines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Observational
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Physical Activity, Exerkines, and Their Role in Cancer Cachexia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Mousa KhalafiDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Aref Habibi MalekiDepartment of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Michael E SymondsAcademic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, Centre for Perinatal Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Mohammad Hossein SakhaeiDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
Sara K RosenkranzDepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States.
Mahsa EhsanifarDepartment of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Mallikarjuna KoriviInstitute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Yubo LiuInstitute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Urmia University · IRZhejiang Normal University · CNUniversity of Guilan · IRUniversity of Kashan · IRUniversity of Nevada, Las Vegas · USUniversity of Nottingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Interlukin-15 (IL-15) is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a vital role in immunology and obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether exercise promotes circulating IL-15 concentrations in adults. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to May, 2023 and identified original studies that investigated the effectiveness of acute and/or chronic exercise on serum/plasma IL-15 levels in adults. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random effect models. Subgroup analyses were performed based on type of exercise, and training status, health status and body mass indexes (BMI) of participants. Results: Fifteen studies involving 411 participants and 12 studies involving 899 participants were included in the acute and chronic exercise analyses, respectively. Our findings showed that acute exercise increased circulating IL-15 concentrations immediately after exercise compared with baseline [SMD=0.90 (95% CI: 0.47 to 1.32), p=0.001], regardless of exercise type and participants' training status. Similarly, acute exercise was also associated with increased IL-15 concentrations even one-hour after exercise [SMD=0.50 (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.99), p=0.04]. Nevertheless, chronic exercise did not have a significant effect on IL-15 concentrations [SMD=0.40 (95% CI: -0.08 to 0.88), p=0.10]. Conclusion: Our results confirm that acute exercise is effective in increasing the IL-15 concentrations immediately and one-hour after exercise intervention, and thereby playing a potential role in improving metabolism in adults. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=445634, identifier CRD42023445634.

Indexed as

CytokinesInterleukin-15AdultBody Mass IndexExerciseHealth StatusHumansCytokinesInterleukin-15body mass indexexerciseinflammationinterleukin 15myokine

Identifiers

PMID38235143
PMCPMC10791876
OpenAlexW4390542729

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.