ReviewFrontiers in neuroergonomics2023
A narrative review of the interconnection between pilot acute stress, startle, and surprise effects in the aviation context: Contribution of physiological measurements.
Review in Frontiers in neuroergonomics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive Framework for Aircraft Piloting: A Core Cognition Set.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of machine-learning methods for prediction of pilot performance during startle events from neuropsychophysiological features of stress resilience and cognitive task scores.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Effects of unexpected event urgency and flight scenario familiarity on pilot trainees performance and stress responses.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Stress and Decision-Making among Civil Aviation Pilots in India: Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility.Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aviation remains one of the safest modes of transportation. However, an inappropriate response to an unexpected event can lead to flight incidents and accidents. Among several contributory factors, startle and surprise, which can lead to or exacerbate the pilot's state of stress, are often cited. Unlike stress, which has been the subject of much study in the context of driving and piloting, studies on startle and surprise are less numerous and these concepts are sometimes used interchangeably. Thus, the definitions of stress, startle, and surprise are reviewed, and related differences are put in evidence. Furthermore, it is proposed to distinguish these notions in the evaluation and to add physiological measures to subjective measures in their study. Indeed, Landman's theoretical model makes it possible to show the links between these concepts and studies using physiological parameters show that they would make it possible to disentangle the links between stress, startle and surprise in the context of aviation. Finally, we draw some perspectives to set up further studies focusing specifically on these concepts and their measurement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.