ArticlePediatric research2024
Associations between Social Adversity and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Stress, and Aging in Children.
Article in Pediatric research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02746393 (San Francisco General Hospital), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) Health Advocates Phase II Study
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adrenarche, social cognition, and the development and evolution of autism spectrum traits.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Discrimination Against Immigrant Latina Mothers Associated With Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Their Preschool-Aged Children.Biological research for nursing · 2026Article
- Contextualizing Blood-Based Biomarkers for Dementia Globally.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Associations of cumulative adversity on Hispanic mothers' perceived stress with infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026Article
- The association between social drivers of health, HIV status and physical activity with perceived stress in U.S. women with or without HIV.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Applying blood-derived epigenetic algorithms to saliva: cross-tissue similarity of DNA-methylation indices of aging, physiology, and cognition.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- Targeting Epigenetic Plasticity to Reduce Periodontitis-Related Inflammation in Diabetes: CBD, Metformin, and Other Natural Products as Potential Synergistic Candidates for Regulation? A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in the Associations Among Early Life Adversity, Inflammation, and Cognition.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Childhood Epilepsy.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior work has found relationships between childhood social adversity and biomarkers of stress, but knowledge gaps remain. To help address these gaps, we explored associations between social adversity and biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], and salivary cytokine hierarchical "clusters" based on the three interleukins), neuroendocrine function (cortisol, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, and progesterone), neuromodulation (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, stearoylethanolamine, oleoylethanolamide, and palmitoylethanolamide), and epigenetic aging (Pediatric-Buccal-Epigenetic clock).
methodsWe collected biomarker samples of children ages 0-17 recruited from an acute care pediatrics clinic and examined their associations with caregiver-endorsed education, income, social risk factors, and cumulative adversity. We calculated regression-adjusted means for each biomarker and compared associations with social factors using Wald tests. We used logistic regression to predict being in the highest cytokine cluster based on social predictors.
resultsOur final sample included 537 children but varied based on each biomarker. Cumulative social adversity was significantly associated with having higher levels of all inflammatory markers and with cortisol, displaying a U-shaped distribution. There were no significant relationships between cumulative social adversity and cortisone, neuromodulation biomarkers or epigenetic aging.
conclusionOur findings support prior work suggesting that social stress exposures contribute to increased inflammation in children. IMPACT: Our study is one of the largest studies examining associations between childhood social adversity and biomarkers of inflammation, neuroendocrine function, neuromodulation, and epigenetic aging. It is one of the largest studies to link childhood social adversity to biomarkers of inflammation, and the first of which we are aware to link cumulative social adversity to cytokine clusters. It is also one of the largest studies to examine associations between steroids and epigenetic aging among children, and one of the only studies of which we are aware to examine associations between social adversity and endocannabinoids among children. CLINICAL
trial registrationNCT02746393.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.