SynthesisBMJ open2024
Definition and measurement of post-COVID-19 conditions in real-world practice: a global systematic literature review.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Factors affecting the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on post COVID-19 conditions among adults: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Post COVID-19 Condition: a systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Neurological Manifestations of Long COVID: Current Evidence, Emerging Concepts, and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Strict long COVID, symptom persistence, and functional decline among community-dwelling older adults in Quito, Ecuador: a cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Post-COVID Respiratory Sequelae in COPD: Mucus Plugging, Infectious Complications, and Risk-Stratified Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Physical, Mental Health and Quality of Life in Children with Post-COVID-19 Condition: A 12-Month Quasi-Experimental Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Assessment of long COVID symptom burden in patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 at a nationwide retail pharmacy.PloS one · 2026Article
- Long-term symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of healthcare workers in Qatar.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Effects of Paediatric Post-COVID-19 Condition on Physical Function and Daily Functioning: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Investigating use of diagnostic codes for post-COVID- 19 condition in Ontario health administrative data.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Observational
- Course of General Fatigue in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Conditions Who Were Prescribed Hochuekkito: A Single-Center Exploratory Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of COVID vaccination on incidence of long COVID and healthcare resource utilisation in a primary care cohort in England, 2021-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Association of systemic inflammation and long-term dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Self-Reported Post-COVID Symptoms at 18 Months After Infection Among Adults in Southern Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Application and Limitations of 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing for Identifying WHO Priority Pathogenic Gram-Negative Bacilli.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Article
- German general practitioners' experiences of managing post-COVID-19 syndrome: A qualitative interview study.The European journal of general practice · 2024Article
- Predictors of Long COVID Among Symptomatic US Adults Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2 at a National Retail Pharmacy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC) is an umbrella term that encompasses a range of signs, symptoms and conditions present weeks after the acute phase of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. This systematic literature review summarises the heterogeneous methodology used to measure PCC across real-world studies and highlights trends by region, age group, PCC follow-up period and data source.
methodsMedline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched and supplemented with conference and grey literature searches. Eligible studies included individuals with (1) PCC or (2) a positive SARS-CoV-2 test or COVID-19 diagnosis who were followed over time. Included studies were published in English between 1 January 2020 and 14 November 2022.
findingsOf 291 publications included, 175 (60%) followed individuals with confirmed COVID-19 over time for PCC and 116 (40%) used a prespecified PCC definition. There was substantial heterogeneity in study design, geography, age group, PCC conditions/symptoms assessed and their classification and duration of follow-up. Among studies using a prespecified PCC definition, author-defined criteria (51%) were more common than criteria recommended by major public health organisations (19%). Measurement periods for PCC outcomes from date of acute COVID-19 test were primarily 3 to <6 months (39.2%), followed by 6 to <12 months (27.5%) and <3 months (22.9%). When classified by organ/system, constitutional-related PCC were the most frequently assessed in adult (86%) and paediatric (87%) populations. Within constitutional symptoms, fatigue was most frequently assessed in adult (91.6%) and paediatric (95.0%) populations, followed by fever/chills (37.9% and 55%, respectively).
conclusionsPCC definitions are heterogenous across real-world studies, which limits reliable comparisons between studies. However, some similarities were observed in terms of the most frequently measured PCC-associated symptoms/conditions, which may aid clinical management of patients with PCC.CRD42022376111.
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