Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38230936›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2024

Longitudinal gut microbiota composition of South African and Nigerian infants in relation to tetanus vaccine responses.

Saori C Iwase, Sophia Osawe, Anna-Ursula Happel, Clive M Gray, Susan P Holmes, Jonathan M Blackburn, Alash'le Abimiku, Heather B Jaspan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Gut microbiota of sub-Saharan Africa infants exposed to antiretroviral therapy: Scoping review.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Saori C Iwase *Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0009-0009-6481-0305
Sophia Osawe *Institute of Human Virology-Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0001-7998-9680
Anna-Ursula HappelDivision of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-3658-8638
Clive M GrayDivision of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Biomedical Research Institute, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Susan P HolmesDepartment of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Jonathan M BlackburnInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Alash'le AbimikuInstitute of Human Virology-Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.
Heather B JaspanDivision of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-0745-6073

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Kenneth Sherr · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
Mucosal microbiome and vaccine responses in HIV-exposed African infantsR01AI120714 · NIAID · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI JASPAN, HEATHER BERYL · 2016 to 2020
$2.2M
IMPROVING COVID-19 VACCINATION UPTAKE IN HIV POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN NIGERIAU01HD094658 · NICHD · INSTITUTE OF HUMAN VIROLOGY · PI ABIMIKU, ALASH'LE G. · 2017 to 2022
$1.5M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI120714NICHD NIH HHS U01 HD094658
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infants who are exposed to HIV but uninfected (iHEU) have higher risk of infectious morbidity than infants who are HIV-unexposed and uninfected (iHUU), possibly due to altered immunity. As infant gut microbiota may influence immune development, we evaluated the effects of HIV exposure on infant gut microbiota and its association with tetanus toxoid vaccine responses. We evaluated the gut microbiota of 82 South African (61 iHEU and 21 iHUU) and 196 Nigerian (141 iHEU and 55 iHUU) infants at <1 and 15 weeks of life by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Anti-tetanus antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at matched time points. Gut microbiota in the 278 included infants and its succession were more strongly influenced by geographical location and age than by HIV exposure. Microbiota of Nigerian infants, who were exclusively breastfed, drastically changed over 15 weeks, becoming dominated by

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeHIV InfectionsTetanusHumansInfantRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSouth AfricaTetanus ToxoidRNA, Ribosomal, 16STetanus Toxoidgut microbiotaHIV-exposed uninfected infantsNigeriaSouth Africatetanus toxoidvaccine response

Identifiers

PMID38230936
PMCPMC10846250

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.