ArticleBehavior research methods2024
Implementation of an online spacing flanker task and evaluation of its test-retest reliability using measures of inhibitory control and the distribution of spatial attention.
Article in Behavior research methods, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of mindfulness breathing meditation on stress and cognitive functions: a heart rate variability and eye-tracking study.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- A comparative study on executive function of adolescent athletes in different winter sports.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- General and Specific Facets of Anxiety: Psychometric Analysis and Impact on Cognitive Performance.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reliability of Behavioral and fNIRS Neural Responses: Assessments During Posture-Inhibitory Control Dual Tasking.NeuroSci · 2026Article
- Effects of mental fatigue on basketball-specific decision-making in basketball players of different skill levels: the mediating role of attentional control.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Relationships between GABA + and Glx concentrations with age and inhibition in healthy older adults.Brain structure & function · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
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Abstract
The flanker task (Eriksen & Eriksen, Perception & Psychophysics, 16(1), 143-149, 1974) has been highly influential and widely used in studies of visual attention. Its simplicity has made it popular to include it in experimental software packages and online platforms. The spacing flanker task (SFT), in which the distance between the target and flankers varies, is useful for studying the distribution of attention across space as well as inhibitory control. Use of the SFT requires that the viewing environment (e.g., stimulus size and viewing distance) be controlled, which is a challenge for online delivery. We implement and evaluate an online version of the SFT that includes two calibration pretests to provide the necessary control. Test-retest and split-half reliability of the online version was compared with a laboratory version on measures of inhibitory control and measures of the distribution of attention across space. Analyses show that the online SFT is comparable to laboratory testing on all measures. Results also identify two measures with good test-retest reliability that hold promise for studying performance in the SFT: the mean flanker effect (ICC = 0.745) and RTs on incongruent trials across distances (ICC = 0.65-0.71).
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