ArticleScientific reports2024
Life-history of Palaeoloxodon antiquus reveals Middle Pleistocene glacial refugium in the Megalopolis basin, Greece.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Life histories of straight-tusked elephants from the Last Interglacial Neanderthal site of Neumark-Nord (~125 ka).Science advances · 2026Article
- Evidence for the earliest hominin use of wooden handheld tools found at Marathousa 1 (Greece).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A glimpse into a vanished ecosystem: reconstructing diet and palaeoenvironment ofRoyal Society open science · 2025Article
- Small flakes for sharp needs: Technological behaviour in the Lower Palaeolithic site of Marathousa 1, Greece.PloS one · 2025Article
- From meat to raw material: the Middle Pleistocene elephant butchery site of Casal Lumbroso (Rome, central Italy).PloS one · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
The Balkans are considered a major glacial refugium where flora and fauna survived glacial periods and repopulated the rest of Europe during interglacials. While it is also thought to have harboured Pleistocene human populations, evidence linking human activity, paleoenvironmental indicators and a secure temporal placement to glacial periods is scant. Here, we present the first intra-tooth multi-isotope analysis for the European straight-tusked elephant Palaeoloxodon antiquus, on an adult male individual excavated in association with lithic artefacts at the MIS 12 site Marathousa 1 (Megalopolis basin, Greece). The studied find also exhibits anthropogenic modifications, providing direct evidence of hominin presence. We employed strontium, carbon and oxygen isotope analysis on enamel bioapatite to investigate its foraging and mobility behaviour, using a sequential sampling strategy along the tooth growth axis of the third upper molar, to assess ecological changes during the last decade of life. We found a geographically restricted range, in a C
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