ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2024
Environmental Enrichment during Abstinence Reduces Oxycodone Seeking and c-Fos Expression in a Subpopulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Neurons.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of environmental enrichment on heroin-induced neuroadaptations in the insula, nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Environmental enrichment attenuates reinstatement of heroin seeking and reverses heroin-induced upregulation of mesolimbic ghrelin receptors.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSeveral preclinical studies have demonstrated that environmental enrichment (EE) during abstinence reduces drug seeking for psychostimulant and opioid drugs. Drug seeking is dependent on activity within the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and enrichment has been able to reduce drug seeking-associated increases in c-Fos in this region. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that EE during abstinence from oxycodone self-administration would reduce drug seeking and c-Fos immunoreactivity within the prefrontal cortex in a cell-type specific manner.
methodsMale rats self-administered oxycodone in two-hours sessions for three weeks, then underwent an initial drug seeking test under extinction conditions after one week of forced abstinence. Following this test, rats received either EE or remained individually housed in their home cage, then a second drug seeking test, with tissue collection immediately afterward.
resultsCompared to rats in standard housing, environmentally enriched rats had lower oxycodone seeking. In the prelimbic and infralimbic prefrontal cortices, the number of c-Fos+ cells was reduced, and this reduction was predominantly in inhibitory cells neurons, as evidenced by a reduction in the proportion of c-Fos+ cells in GAD+, but not CamKII+ cells. There was also a robust positive relationship between the number of c-Fos+ cells and persistence of oxycodone seeking in both the PrL and IL.
conclusionsThese findings further support the effectiveness of enriched environments to reduce reactivity to drug-associated stimuli and contexts and provide a potential mechanism by which this occurs.
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