ArticlePediatrics2024
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Long COVID in Children.
Article in Pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of vaccination on prevention of long COVID.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Pediatric post COVID-19 condition: an umbrella review of the most common symptoms and associated factors.European journal of public health · 2024Pooled it
- COVID-19 vaccination timing, relative to acute COVID-19, and subsequent risk of long COVID.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the Role of Race/Ethnicity, Metropolitan Status, and Health Insurance in Long COVID Among U.S. Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- SSRI/SNRI and long COVID in children and adolescents with neuropsychiatric conditions: a cohort study from the RECOVER Initiative.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Children and adolescents: Respiratory infection and long-term effects longitudinal study (CARE Study): Study protocol.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevention of Respiratory Infections in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Current Evidence and Clinical Strategies.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Preventive effect of vaccination on long COVID in adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Understanding Long COVID Among Young People in Victoria, Australia: Prevalence, Impact, and Associated Factors.Public health challenges · 2025Article
- A Predictive Model for the Development of Long COVID in Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Application of the actor-partner interdependence model to understand COVID-19 vaccine decision-making among US adolescents and their parents.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Data science for pediatric infectious disease: utilizing COVID-19 as a model.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Enhancing Pediatric Long COVID Care Through Telementoring: Insights From an ECHO Program.Clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Physician Practices, Attitudes, and Challenges Related to Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Causes of symptoms and symptom persistence in long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Post-Covid-19 Symptoms in Children: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 long term outcomes study (PECOS): cross sectional analysis at baseline.Pediatric research · 2025Observational
- Risk of neuropsychiatric and related conditions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a difference-in-differences analysis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents: cohort study using electronic health records.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The COVID-19 pandemic in children and young people during 2022-24: what new did we learn?Journal of global health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
28 authors at 18 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesVaccination reduces the risk of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, but it is less clear whether it protects against long COVID. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against long COVID in children aged 5 to 17 years.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from 17 health systems in the RECOVER PCORnet electronic health record program for visits after vaccine availability. We examined both probable (symptom-based) and diagnosed long COVID after vaccination.
resultsThe vaccination rate was 67% in the cohort of 1 037 936 children. The incidence of probable long COVID was 4.5% among patients with COVID-19, whereas diagnosed long COVID was 0.8%. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness within 12 months was 35.4% (95 CI 24.5-44.7) against probable long COVID and 41.7% (15.0-60.0) against diagnosed long COVID. VE was higher for adolescents (50.3% [36.6-61.0]) than children aged 5 to 11 (23.8% [4.9-39.0]). VE was higher at 6 months (61.4% [51.0-69.6]) but decreased to 10.6% (-26.8% to 37.0%) at 18-months.
conclusionsThis large retrospective study shows moderate protective effect of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 vaccination against long COVID. The effect is stronger in adolescents, who have higher risk of long COVID, and wanes over time. Understanding VE mechanism against long COVID requires more study, including electronic health record sources and prospective data.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.