Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38225790›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical nursing2025

Coping profiles and their association with vicarious post-traumatic growth among nurses during the three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Argyroula Kalaitzaki, Maria Theodoratou, George Tsouvelas, Alexandra Tamiolaki, George Konstantakopoulos

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical nursing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
7.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Argyroula KalaitzakiDepartment of Social Work, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-6416-9740
Maria TheodoratouSchool of Humanistic Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Pafos, Cyprus.
George TsouvelasLaboratory of Interdisciplinary Approaches for the Enhancement of Quality of Life, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-8123-0091
Alexandra TamiolakiDepartment of Social Work, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece.
George KonstantakopoulosDepartment of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Mediterranean University · MEHellenic Open University · GRNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens · GR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThis study aimed to examine (a) changes in coping strategies and vicarious post-traumatic growth (VPTG) across three timepoints of the COVID-19 pandemic among nurses; (b) discrete groups of nurses with unique coping profiles and (c) the association of these coping profiles with VPTG across the timepoints.

backgroundAlthough literature abounds with the negative mental health consequences of the pandemic among healthcare professionals, much less is known about the positive consequences on nurses, the coping strategies that they use, and how these change over time.

designThis was a cross-sectional web-based survey at three timepoints during the pandemic.

methodsA sample of 429 nurses completed online the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) to measure vicarious post-traumatic growth (VPTG) and coping strategies, respectively. The STROBE checklist was used to report the present study.

resultsSignificantly higher VPTG scores were observed during the third timepoint. Different coping strategies were employed across the three timepoints. Nurses responded to the pandemic either with an active, an avoidant or a passive coping profile. Significantly higher VPTG levels were reported by the nurses of the active profile compared to those of the passive profile, whereas the difference between active and avoidant profiles was not significant.

conclusionsNotwithstanding the preponderance of the nurses with the active coping profile in achieving high VPTG, the avoidant copers had more gains (VPTG) than the passive copers, suggesting that doing something to cope with the stressor-let it be trying to avoid it-was better than doing nothing. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The identification of distinct coping profiles among nurses and their association with VPTG is of particular use to policymakers and practitioners in developing tailored prevention and intervention efforts to help the nurses effectively manage the demands of the pandemic. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution since the study was exclusively conducted by the authors.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalCOVID-19Nursing Staff, HospitalPosttraumatic Growth, PsychologicalAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Surveys and Questionnairescluster analysiscoping strategiescoronavirusmental health workers

Identifiers

PMID38225790
PMCPMC12581101
OpenAlexW4390916908

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.