ArticleJournal of nephrology2024
The efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine versus leflunomide in patients with IgA nephropathy: a single-center experience.
Article in Journal of nephrology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of hydroxychloroquine in primary glomerular disease - a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current evidence.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Use of hydroxychloroquine to treat patients with IgA nephropathy and time to accelerated glucocorticoid tapering.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- A multicenter retrospective cohort study on the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil plus hydroxychloroquine therapy in IgA nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Hydroxychloroquine sulfate for IgA nephropathy: mechanisms and therapeutic potential in improving proteinuria and alleviating disease progression - a literature review.BMC nephrology · 2025Review
- Opportunities and challenges in the treatment of IgA nephropathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Biologics and Non-Biologics Immunosuppressive Treatments for IgA Nephropathy in Both Adults and Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Contemporary review of IgA nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo date, our understanding of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) pathophysiology has remained incomplete; therefore, treatment remains largely empiric, and the efficacy and safety of immunosuppressants remain controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and leflunomide therapy in a retrospective cohort of patients with IgAN.
methodsWe screened the IgAN registration database in our department, and a total of 159 kidney patients with biopsy-confirmed IgAN were enrolled, with 57 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine plus a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (hydroxychloroquine group), 52 patients receiving leflunomide plus a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (leflunomide group), and 50 patients receiving only a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (renin-angiotensin system inhibitor-only group). Changes in proteinuria, hematuria, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), as well as adverse events, were analyzed during the follow-up period.
resultsAt the end of 6-month follow-up, proteinuria significantly decreased by 70.36 (57.54, 79.33)%, 57.29 (46.79, 67.29)% and 41.20 (25.76, 48.94)% in the hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and renin-angiotensin system inhibitor-only groups, respectively, compared to baseline (all P values < 0.001). Hematuria significantly decreased by 71.07 (56.48, 82.47)% in the leflunomide group (P < 0.001). The eGFR improved by 3.72 ± 2.97%, 3.16 ± 2.00% and 1.91 ± 2.41%, respectively, in the hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and renin-angiotensin system inhibitor-only groups, but without statistical significance. No serious adverse events occurred during the follow-up period.
conclusionBoth hydroxychloroquine combined with a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and leflunomide combined with a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor were more effective than a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor alone in improving proteinuria in IgAN patients. Hydroxychloroquine was more effective in reducing proteinuria, and leflunomide showed superiority in reducing hematuria. Our results need to be verified in large-scale randomized controlled trials.
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Registered trials
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