ArticleNature communications2024
Flexible switch matrix addressable electrode arrays with organic electrochemical transistor and pn diode technology.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Neuromorphic Bioelectronics: Materials and Manufacturing Technologies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Ion Compensation-Assisted Photolithography Enables High-Resolution Electrolytes for Neuromorphic Transistors.Nano-micro letters · 2026Article
- Bridging the Gap: Integrated High-Density Microelectrode Arrays for Cellular, Organoid, and Clinical Electrophysiology.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Ionic-Bionic Interfaces: Advancing Iontronic Strategies for Bioelectronic Sensing and Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Two-dimensional semiconductor-based active array for high-fidelity spatiotemporal monitoring of neural activities.Nature materials · 2026Article
- Organic Electrochemical Transistors in Tissue-Interfaced Bioelectronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- A Photo-Patternable Solid-State Electrolyte for High-Performance, Miniaturized, and Implantable Organic Electrochemical Transistor-Based Circuits.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Improving engineered biological systems with electronics and microfluidics.Nature biotechnology · 2025Review
- Multifunctional bioelectronics for brain-body circuits.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Impact of Noncompensating Ions on the Electrochemical Performance of n-Type Polymeric Mixed Conductors.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Organic Bioelectronics in Microphysiological Systems: Bridging the Gap Between Biological Systems and Electronic Technologies.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Algal polysaccharide Sacran-based conductive nanocomposites for ultrathin flexible and biodegradable organic electrochemical transistors.Npj flexible electronics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Due to their effective ionic-to-electronic signal conversion and mechanical flexibility, organic neural implants hold considerable promise for biocompatible neural interfaces. Current approaches are, however, primarily limited to passive electrodes due to a lack of circuit components to realize complex active circuits at the front-end. Here, we introduce a p-n organic electrochemical diode using complementary p- and n-type conducting polymer films embedded in a 15-μm -diameter vertical stack. Leveraging the efficient motion of encapsulated cations inside this polymer stack and the opposite doping mechanisms of the constituent polymers, we demonstrate high current rectification ratios ([Formula: see text]) and fast switching speeds (230 μs). We integrate p-n organic electrochemical diodes with organic electrochemical transistors in the front-end pixel of a recording array. This configuration facilitates the access of organic electrochemical transistor output currents within a large network operating in the same electrolyte, while minimizing crosstalk from neighboring elements due to minimized reverse-biased leakage. Furthermore, we use these devices to fabricate time-division-multiplexed amplifier arrays. Lastly, we show that, when fabricated in a shank format, this technology enables the multiplexing of amplified local field potentials directly in the active recording pixel (26-μm diameter) in a minimally invasive form factor with shank cross-sectional dimensions of only 50×8 [Formula: see text].
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.