ArticleCurrent research in food science2024
Role of autophagy in betaine-promoted hepatoprotection against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.
Article in Current research in food science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Betaine in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dietary Sources of Glycine Betaine and Proline Betaine in Plant Foods and Their Potential Biological Relevance in Human Nutrition.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the Multifunctional Roles of Betaine: Traditional Applications, Emerging Technologies, and Green Chemistry Innovations.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Betaine as a regulator of metabolism, epigenetics, and cellular osmoprotection: therapeutic implications in cardiometabolic and renal diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- β-Catenin and AMPK/AKT/FOXO Signaling Mediate Doxorubicin-Induced Senescence and Lipid Accumulation in C2C12 Myoblasts.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Betaine Mitigates Paclitaxel-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Dysregulated homocysteine metabolism and cardiovascular disease and clinical treatments.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Betaine: Extraction, Identification, and Bioactive Functions in Human Health.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Betaine enhances SCAPs chondrogenic differentiation and promotes cartilage repair in TMJOA through WDR81.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Improvement of glucocorticoid sensitivity and attenuation of pulmonary allergic reactions by exogenous supplementation with betaine in HDM and LPS-induced allergic mouse model.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Article
- Natural active botanical metabolites: targeting AMPK signaling pathway to treat metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- The Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicines Regulate the Multi-Target Signaling Pathways of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Rapamycin and Chloroquine Modulate Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis in a High-Fat/High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Mouse Model.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Betaine inhibits the stem cell-like properties of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating autophagy via SAM/mTheranostics · 2025Article
- Immunological mechanisms in steatotic liver diseases: An overview and clinical perspectives.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Betaine, a compound found in plants and sea foods, is known to be beneficial against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its hepatoprotective and anti-steatogenic mechanisms have been not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying betaine-mediated alleviation of NAFLD induced by a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) in mice, with special focus on the contribution of betaine-stimulated autophagy to NAFLD prevention. Male ICR mice were fed a CDAHFD with or without betaine (0.2-1% in drinking water) for 1 week. Betaine ameliorated the CDAHFD-induced fatty liver by restoring sulfur amino acid (SAA)-related metabolites, such as S-adenosylmethionine and homocysteine, and the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC. In addition, it reduced the CDAHFD-induced ER stress (BiP, ATF6, and CHOP) and apoptosis (Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP); however, it induced autophagy (LC3II/I and p62) which was downregulated by CDAHFD. To determine the role of autophagy in the improvement of NAFLD, chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, was injected into the mice fed a CDAHFD and betaine (0.5 % in drinking water). CQ did not affect SAA metabolism but reduced the beneficial effects of betaine as shown by the increases of hepatic lipids, ER stress, and apoptosis. Notably, the betaine-induced improvements in lipid metabolism determined by protein levels of p-AMPK, p-ACC, PPARα, and ACS1, were reversed by CQ. Thus, the results of this study suggest that the activation of autophagy is an important upstream mechanism for the inhibition of steatosis, ER stress, and apoptosis by betaine in NAFLD.
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