ArticleJOR spine2024
Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote nucleus pulposus cell anabolism in an in vitro 3D alginate-bead culture model.
Article in JOR spine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enzymatic chemonucleolysis for lumbar disc herniation-an assessment of historical and contemporary efficacy and safety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Microfragmented Adipose Tissue in Pain Management: Bridging Regenerative Biology and Clinical Therapeutics.Pain and therapy · 2026Review
- Stem Cells in Post-Stroke Regenerative Therapy: Current Role of Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Orchestrum.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Evolving Landscape of Regenerative Therapies: Cell-Based and Cell-Free Approaches for Chronic Low Back Pain.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond Passage Numbers: How Culture Conditions and Population-Doubling Metrics Reporting Shape the Quality of Umbilical Cord-Derived MSCs and Extracellular Vesicles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Exploring the mechanisms underlying quercetin, a key component ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cell-based therapies for intervertebral disc degeneration: Navigating the path from promise to clinical reality.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- The anti-oxidation related bioactive materials for intervertebral disc degeneration regeneration and repair.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Article
- Polysaccharide-based biomaterials for regenerative therapy in intervertebral disc degeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- An Update on Emerging Regenerative Medicine Applications: The Use of Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes for the Management of Chronic Pain.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- The Role of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist Noggin in Nucleus Pulposus Intervertebral Disc Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Assessment of Tie2-Rejuvenated Nucleus Pulposus Cell Transplants from Young and Old Patient Sources Demonstrates That Age Still Matters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Getting to the Core: Exploring the Embryonic Development from Notochord to Nucleus Pulposus.Journal of developmental biology · 2024Review
- Review
- Why clinical trials in disc regeneration strive to achieve completion: Insights from publication status and funding sources.JOR spine · 2024Article
- ISSLS PRIZE in Basic Science 2024: superiority of nucleus pulposus cell- versus mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in attenuating disc degeneration and alleviating pain.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Intradiscal transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the hostile microenvironment of the intervertebral disc (IVD) may compromise the survival of implanted cells. Interestingly, studies reported that paracrine factors, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MSCs, may regenerate the IVD. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Wharton's Jelly MSC (WJ-MSC)-derived EVs on human nucleus pulposus cells (hNPCs) using an in vitro 3D alginate-bead culture model. Methods: After EV isolation and characterization, hNPCs isolated from surgical specimens were encapsulated in alginate beads and treated with 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL WJ-MSC-EVs. Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by flow cytometry and live/dead staining. Nitrite and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was evaluated through Griess and 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assays. hNPCs in alginate beads were paraffin-embedded and stained for histological analysis (hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue) to assess extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. Gene expression levels of catabolic ( Results: Treatment with WJ-MSC-EVs resulted in an increase in cell content and a decrease in cell death in degenerated hNPCs. Nitrite production was drastically reduced by EV treatment compared to the control. Furthermore, proteoglycan content was enhanced and confirmed by Alcian blue histological staining. EV stimulation attenuated ECM degradation and inflammation by suppressing catabolic and inflammatory gene expression levels. Additionally, NPC phenotypic marker genes were also maintained by the EV treatment. Conclusions: WJ-MSC-derived EVs ameliorated hNPC growth and viability, and attenuated ECM degradation and oxidative stress, offering new opportunities for IVD regeneration as an attractive alternative strategy to cell therapy, which may be jeopardized by the harsh microenvironment of the IVD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.