ArticlePorcine health management2024
Umbilical outpouchings in Danish piglets and weaners: prevalence and clinical characteristics-a cross-sectional study at herd level.
Article in Porcine health management, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digital quantification of nuclei in porcine experimental and forensic wounds: effects of wound age and body location on nuclei density.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2026Article
- The impact of transportation on wounds up to 4 cm on umbilical outpouchings of slaughter pigs.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Can infectious omphalitis in piglets be clinically diagnosed during the first three days of life?BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Umbilical outpouchings in pigs - an international survey on fitness for transport, welfare and management.Porcine health management · 2025Article
- Does lifting female piglets by one hind leg increase the risk of umbilical and hind leg lesions?Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Clinical and pathological characteristics in 214 Danish weaners euthanized because of umbilical outpouchings.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Assessment of abdominal lesions in pigs with wounded umbilical outpouchings transported to slaughter.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Prevention of umbilical outpouchings and mortality in pigs: Meloxicam, tying, cutting, and chlorhexidine versus amoxicillin or no treatment? A clinical field trial.Porcine health management · 2024Article
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5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUmbilical outpouchings (UO) in pigs present a welfare concern because of ulceration risk and complications. Danish legislation requires pigs with larger UOs to be housed in sick pens with soft bedding, and some UO pigs might not be suited for transport. Because of this, many UO pigs are euthanized, adding to the costs of pig production. The true prevalence of UO is unknown as no scientific reports with randomly sampled herds exist. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of UO in Danish piglets and weaners and describe their clinical characteristics: size, texture, reducibility, and occurrence of ulcers. Lastly, risk factors for the occurrence of ulcers on UOs were investigated.
resultsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 Danish conventional herds, with at least 800 weaned pigs and 200 sows. The herds were selected randomly from the Danish Husbandry Register and visited once between September 2020 and May 2021. Piglets were examined during their last week in the farrowing unit, and weaners were examined between weeks three and eight after weaning. The abdominal area was palpated on all pigs, and all irregularities were recorded; the results presented are umbilical outpouchings measuring at least 2 × 2 cm. The within-herd prevalence of piglets with UO averaged 4.2% with a range from 0.8 to 13.6% between herds. The within-herd prevalence of weaners with UO averaged 2.9%, ranging from 1.0 to 5.3% between herds. Approximately 80% of the UOs were classified as small or medium (< 7 cm piglets/ < 11cm weaners). Large outpouchings had significantly higher odds of ulcer occurrence (OR = 9.9, p < 0.001).
conclusionUOs are common in Denmark, with a prevalence of 2.9% in weaners and an estimated annual production of 32 million Danish pigs almost a million pigs are affected yearly. Most of these pigs will have a small or medium UO. If the pigs have large UOs the odds of ulcer occurrence increase significantly. Numerous of these pigs are wasted, challenging sustainability and economy. UOs might also affect the welfare of the pigs. More research is therefore needed, especially in the prevention of UOs.
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