ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2024
Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Utilization for the Treatment of Non-hospitalized Adults with COVID-19 in the National Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 Plasma Antibody and Nucleocapsid Antigen Status Predict Outcomes in Outpatients With COVID-19.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- COVID-19 Rebound in Nirmatrelvir Plus Ritonavir Treatment and Control Groups: Prospective Cohort Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Characteristics of outpatient nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients during the 2022/2023 era in Alberta, Canada: A retrospective observational population-based study.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- Association between nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment and antibiotic prescribing in the outpatient setting among patients with COVID-19.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Antiviral Medication Use Among Pregnant and Recently Pregnant US Outpatients.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Real-World Analysis of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Based on the Hospital Prescription Analysis (HPA) Database in 9 Cities of China.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- A Retrospective Claims Data Analysis on the Burden of COVID-19-Related Hospitalization in Adults at High Risk for Severe Disease Progression in Germany.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Factors associated with seeking and receiving home antiviral therapy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Discover public health · 2025Article
- Predictors of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir receipt among COVID-19 patients in a large US health system.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- An Intersectional Analysis of Social Deprivation and Patient Characteristics on Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Treatment of COVID-19 in U.S. Primary Care Practices, 2021 to 2023.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
- Prognostic factors in the selection of antivirals for COVID-19 in high-risk outpatients: A retrospective cohort study.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLimited data exist regarding real-world utilization of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. We identified predictors of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use among Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatients nationally.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who were eligible to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir between January and December of 2022, to identify factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use (i.e., demographics, medical history, prior medication and healthcare exposures, frailty, and other clinical characteristics) using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsWe included 309,755 outpatients with COVID-19 who were eligible for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, of whom 12.2% received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir uptake increased from 1.1% to 23.2% over the study period. Factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir receipt included receiving a COVID-19 booster vs. none (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.19 [95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-2.26]), age ≥ 50 vs. 18-49 years (aORs > 1.5 for all age groups ≥ 50 years), having HIV (aOR 1.36 [1.22-1.51]), being non-frail vs. severely frail (aOR 1.22 [1.13-1.33]), and having rheumatoid arthritis (aOR 1.12 [1.04-1.21). Those with concomitant use of potentially interacting antiarrhythmics (aOR 0.35 [0.28-0.45]), anticoagulants/antiplatelets (aOR 0.42 [0.40-0.45]), and/or psychiatric/sedatives (aOR 0.84 [0.81-0.87]) were less likely to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.
conclusionsDespite increases over time, overall utilization of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was low. Predictors of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir utilization were consistent with known risk factors for progression to severe COVID-19, including older age and underlying medical conditions. Unvaccinated and undervaccinated patients and those receiving potentially interacting medications for cardiovascular or mental health conditions (antiarrhythmic, alpha-1 antagonist, anticoagulant/antiplatelet, sedative/hypnotic/psychiatric) were less likely to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Further education of prescribers and patients about nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment guidelines is needed to improve overall uptake and utilization in certain high-risk subpopulations.
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