ArticleBMC health services research2024
Exploring community insights on antimicrobial resistance in Nepal: a formative qualitative study.
Article in BMC health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- A double narrative: stories underpin fearful community attitudes toward snakes but offer a mechanism to reduce human-to-snake conflict.Global health action · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance as a multicultural challenge: a decolonized approach to science communication in the Global South.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Community engagement strategies for antimicrobial resistance control and interventions.BMJ public health · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial resistance, equity and justice in low- and middle-income countries: an intersectional critical interpretive synthesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- 'Community people are the most powerful resources': qualitative critical realist analysis and framework to support co-produced responses to zoonotic disease threats with(in) Nepali communities.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Prescription Practices: Insights from an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at a Tertiary Healthcare Facility, Rwanda.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The facilitators of and barriers to antimicrobial use and misuse in Lalitpur, Nepal: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Drivers of antimicrobial resistance within the communities of Nepal from One Health perspective: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the process by which microbes evolve mechanisms to survive the medicines designed to destroy them i.e. antimicrobials (AMs). Despite being a natural process, AMR is being hastened by the abuse of AMs. In context of Nepal, there is limited information on drivers of AMR and barriers in addressing it from a community perspective. This study explores the local language and terminology used around AMs in the community, commonly used AMs and reasons for their usage, how these AMs are sourced, and the perceived barriers to addressing AMR via One Health approach.
methodsA phenomenological study design was utilized with applied qualitative research theoretically framed as pragmatism. Twelve in-depth interviews and informal discussions with a One Health focus, were purposively conducted with wide range of stakeholders and community resident of Kapilvastu municipality of Nepal during April 2022. The acquired data was analyzed manually via a thematic framework approach. The study obtained ethical approval from ethical review board of Nepal Health Research Council and University of Leeds.
resultsNepali and Awadhi languages does not have specific words for AMs or AMR, which is understandable by the community people. Rather, community use full explanatory sentences. People use AMs but have incomplete knowledge about them and they have their own local words for these medicines. The knowledge and usage of AMs across human and animal health is impacted by socio-structural factors, limited Government regulation, inadequate supply of AMs in local government health facilities and the presence of various unregulated health providers that co-exist within the health system. Novel ideas such as the use of visual and smart technology, for instance mobile phones and social media exposure, can enable access to information about AMs and AMR.
conclusionThis study shows that terminology that is understandable by the community referring to AMs and AMR in Nepali and Awadhi languages does not exist, but full explanatory sentences and colloquial names are used. Despite regular utilisation, communities have incomplete knowledge regarding AMs. Since, knowledge alone cannot improve behaviour, behavioural interventions are required to address AMR via community engagement to co-produce their own solutions.
trial registrationNot applicable.
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