Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38212553›Full record

ReviewCNS drugs2024

Myasthenia Gravis Treatment: From Old Drugs to Innovative Therapies with a Glimpse into the Future.

Salvatore Crisafulli, Brigida Boccanegra, Massimo Carollo, Emanuela Bottani, Paola Mantuano, Gianluca Trifirò, Annamaria De Luca

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in CNS drugs, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. The role and mechanism of IL‑35 in myasthenia gravis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Polypharmacology: new drugs in 2023-2024.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025
    Review
  16. Expression, Characterization and Selective Chemical Inhibition of EssentialInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Salvatore Crisafulli *Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Brigida Boccanegra *Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Massimo CarolloDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37124, Verona, Italy.
Emanuela BottaniDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37124, Verona, Italy.
Paola MantuanoDepartment of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Gianluca Trifirò *Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37124, Verona, Italy. gianluca.trifiro@univr.it.ORCID 0000-0003-1147-7296
Annamaria De Luca *Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
University of Verona · ITUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease that causes debilitating muscle weakness due to impaired neuromuscular transmission. Since most (about 80-90%) MG patients present autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor, standard medical therapy consists of symptomatic treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., pyridostigmine). In addition, considering the autoimmune basis of MG, standard therapy includes immunomodulating agents, such as corticosteroids, azathioprine, cyclosporine A, and cyclophosphamide. New strategies have been proposed for the treatment of MG and include complement blockade (i.e., eculizumab, ravulizumab, and zilucoplan) and neonatal Fc receptor antagonism (i.e., efgartigimod and rozanolixizumab). The aim of this review is to provide a detailed overview of the pre- and post-marketing evidence on the five pharmacological treatments most recently approved for the treatment of MG, by identifying both preclinical and clinical studies registered in clinicaltrials.gov. A description of the molecules currently under evaluation for the treatment of MG is also provided.

Indexed as

Myasthenia GravisAcetylcholinesteraseAdrenal Cortex HormonesAutoantibodiesHumansInfant, NewbornReceptors, CholinergicTherapies, InvestigationalAcetylcholinesteraseAdrenal Cortex HormonesAutoantibodiesReceptors, Cholinergic

Identifiers

PMID38212553
OpenAlexW4390776914

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.