ArticleDiabetologia2024
Disease severity-based subgrouping of type 2 diabetes does not parallel differences in quality of life: the Maastricht Study.
Article in Diabetologia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and laboratory characteristics of novel diabetes subgroups: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Data-driven subclassification of type 2 diabetes in Mexico: a conceptual framework to improve diabetes care.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Review
- Prediction of glycaemic control and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes using glucose-lowering drugs with machine learning-The Maastricht study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Associations between biomarkers of inflammation and depressive symptoms-potential differences between diabetes types and symptom clusters of depression.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisType 2 diabetes is a highly heterogeneous disease for which new subgroups ('clusters') have been proposed based on disease severity: moderate age-related diabetes (MARD), moderate obesity-related diabetes (MOD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) and severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD). It is unknown how disease severity is reflected in terms of quality of life in these clusters. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cluster characteristics and cluster-wise evolution of quality of life in the previously defined clusters of type 2 diabetes.
methodsWe included individuals with type 2 diabetes from the Maastricht Study, who were allocated to clusters based on a nearest centroid approach. We used logistic regression to evaluate the cluster-wise association with diabetes-related complications. We plotted the evolution of HbA
resultsWe included 127 newly diagnosed and 585 already diagnosed individuals. Already diagnosed people in the SIDD cluster were less likely to reach glycaemic control than people in the other clusters, with an HR compared with MARD of 0.31 (95% CI 0.22, 0.43). There were few differences in the mental component score of the SF-36 in both newly and already diagnosed individuals. In both groups, the MARD cluster had a higher physical component score of the SF-36 than the other clusters, and the MOD cluster scored similarly to the SIDD and SIRD clusters. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationDisease severity suggested by the clusters of type 2 diabetes is not entirely reflected in quality of life. In particular, the MOD cluster does not appear to be moderate in terms of quality of life. Use of the suggested cluster names in practice should be carefully considered, as the non-neutral nomenclature may affect disease perception in individuals with type 2 diabetes and their healthcare providers.
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