ArticleTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2024
Scrub typhus in Indonesia: A cross-sectional analysis of archived fever studies samples.
Article in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neglected rickettsial diseases in Southeast Asia: Twenty-five years of progress in surveillance, diagnostics, and clinical research.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Beyond the Fever: A Serial Report on Moderate to Severe Murine Typhus Cases and Diagnostic Hurdles in Indonesia.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- "Is it time to initiate scrub typhus surveillance in Karnataka?"-Lessons from a seroprevalence survey in a rural district.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Geographical distribution of scrub typhus and risk of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection in Indonesia: Evidence mapping.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundScrub typhus is an understudied vector-borne bacterial infection.
methodsWe tested archived fever samples for scrub typhus seropositivity to begin charting its geographic distribution in Indonesia. We analysed 1033 serum samples from three sites. IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against Orientia tsutsugamushi was performed using Karp, Kato, Gilliam, TA 716 antigens. To determine the cutoff in the absence of a presumed unexposed population and gold standard tests, we identified the visual inflection point, performed change point analysis, and used finite mixture models.
resultsThe optical density cutoff values used for IgM and IgG were 0.49 and 0.13, respectively. Across all sites, IgM seropositivity was 4.6% (95% CI: 3.4 to 6.0%) while IgG seropositivity was 4.4% (95% CI: 3.3 to 5.8%). The overall seropositivity across sites was 8.8% (95% CI: 8.1 to 11.7%). The overall seropositivity for Jambi, Denpasar, Tabanan were 9.7% (95% CI: 7.0 to 13.3%), 8.0% (95% CI: 5.7 to 11.0%), 9.0% (95% CI: 6.1 to 13.0%), respectively.
conclusionsWe conclude that O. tsutsugamushi exposure in humans occurred at all sites analysed and could be the cause of illness in some cases. Though it was not the main cause of acute fever in these locations, it is still important to consider scrub typhus in cases not responding to beta-lactam antibiotics. Future seroprevalence surveys and testing for scrub typhus in acute febrile illness studies will be essential to understand its distribution and burden in Indonesia.
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