ArticleCureus2023
A Single-Center Study of the Utility of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Critically Ill Patients With Haematological Malignancy or Stem Cell Transplants.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of bronchoscopy-guided bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and decisions on management of antimicrobials in critically ill patients with hematological malignancy and/or hematological stem cell transplant (HSCT). The safety and tolerance of bronchoscopy were also reported.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted by reviewing health charts of all adult patients with a hematological malignancy and/or an HSCT who were admitted to the intensive care unit and underwent bronchoscopy and BAL over four years from April 2016 to April 2020 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh. Results: The cohort included 75 critically ill patients. Of these 75 patients, 53 (70.7%) had HSCT (allogenic 66%, autologous 32.1%, haplogenic 3.8%). Computed tomography of the chest was abnormal in all patients. Predominant findings included airspace abnormalities, ground glass opacities, and others. The positive yield was found to be 20% for bacterial, 22% for viral, 21% for fungal, and other organisms were identified in 2%. Although cytology was not performed in 18 patients, malignant cells were identified on BAL in two patients. While the overall mortality of the cohort was high (46.7%), the vast majority (94.7%) tolerated bronchoscopy and BAL without any complications. However, three patients (4%) developed a pneumothorax and one patient bled and developed the acute respiratory distress syndrome post bronchoscopy.
conclusionsBAL can identify and detect microorganisms directly influencing the clinical care of patients who have received non-invasive diagnostic tests that yielded negative culture results. Bronchoscopy and BAL are generally safe and well tolerated by critically ill patients with hematological malignancy or HSCT.
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