ArticleJTCVS open2023
Chronic in utero mitral inflow obstruction unloads left ventricular volume in a novel late gestation fetal lamb model.
Article in JTCVS open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Animal models of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: genetic and anatomical approaches.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Subcutaneous Buprenorphine Is an Acceptable Preoperative Analgesic in Pregnant Ewes Undergoing Hysterotomy (Ovis aries).Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Enhanced myocardial perfusion in late gestation fetal lambs with impaired left ventricular inflow.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The in utero no flow/no grow hypothesis postulates that reduced inflow of blood into the left ventricle due to a stenotic mitral valve could lead to ventricular hypoplasia and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. This has been demonstrated in chick embryos, but less so in large animals. We investigated the impact of mitral obstruction on left and right ventricular growth in fetal lambs. Methods: Twelve pregnant ewes, most bearing twins, were instrumented at 119 ± 1 days gestational age. Carotid artery and jugular vein catheters, an ascending aorta flow probe, and a left atrial deflated balloon catheter were implanted into 1 fetus (left atrial balloon group), and the twin remained an uninstrumented control. The balloon was inflated gradually over 8 days until net antegrade aortic flow was eliminated. Fetal transesophageal echocardiography was performed at the time of surgery and just before termination in both groups. Results: Terminal fetal body weights were comparable between groups. Terminal heart/body weight ratio was higher in left atrial balloon group fetuses (6.9 ± 0.8 g/kg) compared with controls (5.9 ± 0.6 g, Conclusions: In this late-gestation fetal lamb model, in utero obstruction of mitral inflow slowed left ventricular growth and caused right ventricular remodeling.
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