ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2023
Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality on Upper-Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality Exercise Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Immersive virtual reality based on head-mounted display in medical education: a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of virtual reality-based upper limb training on activity of daily living and quality of life among stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual Reality Therapy for Upper Limb Motor Impairments in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Combined robot-assisted therapy virtual reality for upper limb rehabilitation in stroke survivors: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy of virtual reality for upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of self-directed game-based virtual reality program on upper-limb motor recovery in mild-to-moderate ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effects of home-based virtual reality upper extremity rehabilitation in persons with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Immersive Virtual Reality for Reducing Intraoperative Pain: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Trial
- Effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on quality of life and upper extremity functions among stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Factors Influencing Walking Improvement After Immersive Virtual Reality Training with a Bodyweight-Supporting System in Poststroke Patients: A Prospective Single-Arm Study.Neurology international · 2026Article
- Virtual Reality Training for Post-Stroke Upper Limb Hemiparesis.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Feedback-Enhanced Virtual Reality Upper-Limb Training With Body Position Measurement in Healthy Adults: Development and Validation Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Virtual Reality-Assisted Rehabilitation for Upper-Limb Function in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Virtual reality rehabilitation to enhance functional recovery initiated from the acute phase following cervical cord injury: A case report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
- Sport performance in virtual worlds: a systematic review of sport simulation in neurological paralympic athletes and non-athlete populations.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Rehabilitation: Linking Clinical and Digital Measures of Motor Recovery-A Pilot Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring Usability and User Engagement in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Systems for Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) is an innovative rehabilitation tool increasingly used in stroke rehabilitation. Fully immersive VR is a type of VR that closely simulates real-life scenarios, providing a high level of immersion, and has shown promising results in improving rehabilitation functions. This study aimed to assess the effect of immersive VR-based therapy for stroke patients on the upper extremities, activities of daily living (ADLs), and pain reduction and its acceptability and side effects. For this review, we gathered all suitable randomized controlled trials from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science. Out of 1532, 10 articles were included, with 324 participants. The results show that immersive VR offers greater benefits in comparison with conventional rehabilitation, with significant improvements observed in ADLs (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.91, I
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.