ArticleCancers2024
Feasibility of Synchrotron-Based Ultra-High Dose Rate (UHDR) Proton Irradiation with Pencil Beam Scanning for FLASH Research.
Article in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deliverable proton conformal FLASH radiotherapy treatment planning for head and neck re-irradiation patients.Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026Article
- Single-field-uniform-dose-per-fraction simultaneous dose and dose rate optimization (SFUDPF-SDDRO) method for proton FLASH therapy.Medical physics · 2026Article
- 3D Imaging of Proton FLASH Radiation Using a Multi-Detector Small Animal PET System.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2025Article
- Feasibility of prototype diamond detectors for pulsed UHDR PBS small-field proton dosimetry for proton FLASH experiments.Physics in medicine and biology · 2025Article
- Design and characterization of a novel scintillator array for UHDR PBS proton therapy surface dosimetry.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Commissioning of a 142.4 MeV ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) proton beamline in a synchrotron-based proton therapy system.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Characterization of commercial detectors for absolute proton UHDR dosimetry on a compact clinical proton synchrocyclotron.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Investigating radical yield variations in FLASH and conventional proton irradiation via microscopic Monte Carlo simulations.Physics in medicine and biology · 2025Article
- Navigating the straits: realizing the potential of proton FLASH through physics advances and further pre-clinical characterization.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study aims to present the feasibility of developing a synchrotron-based proton ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) pencil beam scanning (PBS) system.
methodsThe RF extraction power in the synchrotron system was increased to generate 142.4 MeV pulsed proton beams for UHDR irradiation at ~100 nA beam current. The charge per spill was measured using a Faraday cup. The spill length and microscopic time structure of each spill was measured with a 2D strip transmission ion chamber. The measured UHDR beam fluence was used to derive the spot dwell time for pencil beam scanning. Absolute dose distributions at various depths and spot spacings were measured using Gafchromic films in a solid-water phantom.
resultsFor proton UHDR beams at 142.4 MeV, the maximum charge per spill is 4.96 ± 0.10 nC with a maximum spill length of 50 ms. This translates to an average beam current of approximately 100 nA during each spill. Using a 2 × 2 spot delivery pattern, the delivered dose per spill at 5 cm and 13.5 cm depth is 36.3 Gy (726.3 Gy/s) and 56.2 Gy (1124.0 Gy/s), respectively.
conclusionsThe synchrotron-based proton therapy system has the capability to deliver pulsed proton UHDR PBS beams. The maximum deliverable dose and field size per pulse are limited by the spill length and extraction charge.
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Registered trials
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