ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2023
A 10-Year Retrospective Study on Pediatric Visceral Leishmaniasis in a European Endemic Area: Diagnostic and Short-Course Therapeutic Strategies.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Canine leishmaniosis on Favignana Island: a prospective observational study on infection dynamics, clinical outcomes and field safety in dogs receiving both vaccination (LETIFENDParasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Beyond Mosquitoes: A Review of Pediatric Vector-Borne Diseases Excluding Malaria and Arboviral Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Visceral Leishmaniasis in Pediatrics: A Case Series and a Narrative Review with Global Insights.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Role of liposomal amphotericin B in intensive care unit: an expert opinion paper.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2025Review
- Advances and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Leishmaniasis.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2025Review
- Differential diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in children: a five-year retrospective study at a pediatric referral hospital.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a potentially fatal disease, with an increasing occurrence in northern Italy, affecting children and both immunocompetent and immunocompromised adults.
methodsThis retrospective study conducted at the St. Orsola University Hospital of Bologna, Italy, evaluates the characteristics of 16 children (with a median age of 14.3 months) who were hospitalized between 2013 and 2022 for VL.
resultsSeventy-five percent of patients presented with a triad of fever, cytopenia, and splenomegaly. An abdominal ultrasound examination revealed splenomegaly and hypoechoic spleen abnormalities in 93.8% and 73.3% of cases, respectively. Five VL cases were complicated by secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Eleven patients were treated with a single 10 mg/kg dose of Liposomal Amphotericin B (L-AmB), while five received two doses (total of 20 mg/kg); one of the former groups experienced a recurrence. The fever generally decreased 48 h after the first L-AmB dose, and hemoglobin levels normalized within a month. The splenomegaly resolved in approximately 4.5 months.
conclusionsPediatricians should consider VL in children with fever of an unknown origin, anemia, cytopenia, and splenomegaly. In our experience, abdominal ultrasounds and molecular tests on peripheral blood contributed to diagnosis without the need for bone marrow aspiration. The short-course therapy with two 10 mg/kg doses of L-AmB is safe and effective.
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