Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38198552›Full record

ArticleScience advances2024

Battery-free, wireless, and electricity-driven soft swimmer for water quality and virus monitoring.

Dengfeng Li, Jingkun Zhou, Zichen Zhao, Xingcan Huang, Hu Li, Qing'ao Qu, Changfei Zhou, Kuanming Yao, Yanting Liu, Mengge Wu and 15 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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  7. Smart Dust for Chemical Mapping.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Dengfeng LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8875-6974
Jingkun ZhouDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5394-4388
Zichen ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5857-7369
Xingcan HuangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4210-2470
Hu LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0009-0008-4112-0865
Qing'ao QuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Changfei ZhouSchool of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Kuanming YaoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8744-8892
Yanting LiuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5694-7197
Mengge WuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8116-5717
Jingyou SuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0564-5380
Rui ShiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Ya HuangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0965-8226
Jingjing WangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8728-7398
Zongwen ZhangState Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6902-237X
Yiming LiuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0134-1934
Zhan GaoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8465-4292
Wooyoung ParkDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2250-3613
Huiling JiaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Xu GuoState Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Jiachen ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6488-6686
Pakpong ChirarattananonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0142-8394
Lingqian ChangBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6329-9850
Zhaoqian XieState Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1320-817X
Xinge YuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0522-1171

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Miniaturized mobile electronic system is an effective candidate for in situ exploration of confined spaces. However, realizing such system still faces challenges in powering issue, untethered mobility, wireless data acquisition, sensing versatility, and integration in small scales. Here, we report a battery-free, wireless, and miniaturized soft electromagnetic swimmer (SES) electronic system that achieves multiple monitoring capability in confined water environments. Through radio frequency powering, the battery-free SES system demonstrates untethered motions in confined spaces with considerable moving speed under resonance. This system adopts soft electronic technologies to integrate thin multifunctional bio/chemical sensors and wireless data acquisition module, and performs real-time water quality and virus contamination detection with demonstrated promising limits of detection and high sensitivity. All sensing data are transmitted synchronously and displayed on a smartphone graphical user interface via near-field communication. Overall, this wireless smart system demonstrates broad potential for confined space exploration, ranging from pathogen detection to pollution investigation.

Indexed as

ElectricityWater QualityCommunicationElectric Power SuppliesElectronics

Identifiers

PMID38198552
PMCPMC10780888

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.