ArticleJournal of surgical oncology2024
Characterization of natural killer and cytotoxic T-cell immune infiltrates in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Article in Journal of surgical oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Natural killer cell immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: Release the brakes.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Protein-level profiling of TIGIT axis components in human PDAC reveals immune-suppressive expression patterns.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Effective allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma avails conserved activating receptors and evades HLA I-driven inhibition.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Informed spatially aware patterns for multiplexed immunofluorescence data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Human Pancreatic Cancer Single-Cell Atlas Reveals Association of CXCL10+ Fibroblasts and Basal Subtype Tumor Cells.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- GPR55 in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer controls tumorigenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with poor response to systemic therapies, including immunotherapy. Given the immunotherapeutic potential of natural killer (NK) cells, we evaluated intratumoral NK cell infiltrates along with cytotoxic T cells in PDAC to determine their association with patient outcomes.
methodsWe analyzed tumors from 93 PDAC patients treated from 2012 to 2020. Predictor variables included tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), T-cell markers (CD3, CD8, CD45RO), NK marker (NKp46), and NK inhibitory marker (major histocompatibility complex class I [MHC-I]) by immunohistochemistry. Primary outcome variables were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).
resultsMean TILs, CD3, and NKp46 scores were 1.3 ± 0.63, 20.6 ± 17.5, and 3.1 ± 3.9, respectively. Higher expression of CD3 and CD8 was associated with higher OS, whereas NK cell infiltration was not associated with either RFS or OS. There was a tight positive correlation between MHC-I expression and all T-cell markers, but not with NKp46.
conclusionsOverall NK cell infiltrates were low in PDAC and did not predict clinical outcomes, whereas T-cell infiltrates did. Further characterization of the immune infiltrate in PDAC, including inhibitory signals and suppressive cell types, may yield better biomarkers of prognosis and immune targeting in this refractory disease.
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