ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2024
Remnant cholesterol and the risk of aortic valve calcium progression: insights from the MESA study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- The Effect of High-Density Lipoprotein on the Rheumatic Mitral Valve Calcification and Surgical Prognosis.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- The Association between Remnant Cholesterol Levels and Computed Tomography-based Low Bone Mass, Low Muscle Mass, and Osteosarcopenia in Older AdultsCurrent medical imaging · 2026Article
- Predictive Value of Residual Cholesterol Inflammatory Index for Left Atrial Thrombus or Spontaneous Echo Contrast in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation with Low CHAInternational journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Association of remnant cholesterol with cardiovascular events and mortality in biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Construction and Verification of a Predictive Model for the Progression of Aortic Valve Calcification.Global heart · 2025Article
- Association between remnant cholesterol and risk of kidney stones: a case-control study in Chinese adults.Urolithiasis · 2024Article
- The association between remnant cholesterol and bone mineral density in US adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRemnant cholesterol (RC) is implicated in the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, comprehensive population-based studies elucidating its association with aortic valve calcium (AVC) progression are limited, rendering its precise role in AVC ambiguous.
methodsFrom the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis database, we included 5597 individuals (61.8 ± 10.1 years and 47.5% men) without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at baseline for analysis. RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as estimated by the Martin/Hopkins equation. Using the adjusted Cox regression analyses, we examined the relationships between RC levels and AVC progression. Furthermore, we conducted discordance analyses to evaluate the relative AVC risk in RC versus LDL-C discordant/concordant groups.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 2.4 ± 0.9 years, 568 (10.1%) participants exhibited AVC progression. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the HRs (95% CIs) for AVC progression comparing the second, third, and fourth quartiles of RC levels with the first quartile were 1.195 (0.925-1.545), 1.322 (1.028-1.701) and 1.546 (1.188-2.012), respectively. Notably, the discordant high RC/low LDL-C group demonstrated a significantly elevated risk of AVC progression compared to the concordant low RC/LDL-C group based on their medians (HR, 1.528 [95% CI 1.201-1.943]). This pattern persisted when clinical LDL-C threshold was set at 100 and 130 mg/dL. The association was consistently observed across various sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsIn atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-free individuals, elevated RC is identified as a residual risk for AVC progression, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The causal relationship of RC to AVC and the potential for targeted RC reduction in primary prevention require deeper exploration.
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