ArticlePsychosomatic medicine
Glucocorticoid and Adrenergic Receptor Distribution Across Human Organs and Tissues: A Map for Stress Transduction.
Article in Psychosomatic medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Energetic Cost of Adrenergic Signaling in Primary Human Fibroblasts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Glucocorticoid-Mediated Extracellular Matrix Regulation: Implications for Precision Therapy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Association of Frequent Short-Acting Beta-Agonist Inhaler Prescriptions with Acute Cardiovascular Events.Pragmatic and observational research · 2025Article
- Neuroscience in peripheral cancers: tumors hijacking nerves and neuroimmune crosstalk.MedComm · 2024Review
- A platform to map the mind-mitochondria connection and the hallmarks of psychobiology: the MiSBIE study.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2024Review
- Stress increases sperm respiration and motility in mice and men.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Effect of glucocorticoid blockade on inflammatory responses to acute sleep fragmentation in male mice.PeerJ · 2024Article
- Social support moderates the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on serum cortisol levels in post-surgical breast cancer patients.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePsychosocial stress is transduced into disease risk through energy-dependent release of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axes. The levels of glucocorticoid and adrenergic hormones, together with the sensitivity of tissues to their signaling, define stress responses. To understand existing pathways responsible for the psychobiological transduction of stressful experiences, we provide a quantitative whole-body map of glucocorticoid and adrenergic receptor (AR) expression.
methodsWe systematically examined gene expression levels for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), α- and β-ARs (AR-α1B, AR-α2B AR-β2, and AR-β3), across 55 different organs using the Human Protein Atlas and Human Proteome Map datasets. Given that mitochondria produce the energy required to respond to stress, we leveraged the Human Protein Atlas and MitoCarta3.0 data to examine the link between stress hormone receptor density and mitochondrial gene expression. Finally, we tested the functional interplay between GR activation and AR expression in human fibroblast cells.
resultsThe GR was expressed ubiquitously across all investigated organ systems, whereas AR subtypes showed lower and more localized expression patterns. Receptor co-regulation, meaning the correlated gene expression of multiple stress hormone receptors, was found between GR and AR-α1B, as well as between AR-α1B and AR-α2B. In cultured human fibroblasts, activating the GR selectively increased AR-β2 and AR-α1B expression. Consistent with the known energetic cost of stress responses, GR and AR expressions were positively associated with the expression of specific mitochondrial pathways.
conclusionsOur results provide a cartography of GR and AR expression across the human body. Because stress-induced GR and AR signaling triggers energetically expensive cellular pathways involving energy-transforming mitochondria, the tissue-specific expression and co-expression patterns of hormone receptor subtypes may in part determine the resilience or vulnerability of different organ systems.
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Registered trials
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