Trial reportJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2024
Supplementation of L-glutamine enhanced mucosal immunity and improved hormonal status of combat-sport athletes.
Trial report in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Four-Week Glutamine Supplementation on Gut Microbiota Across a Training Period in Cross-Country Skiers.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Different mucosal immunity and hormonal responses to routine physical training in the follicular and the luteal phases of elite female athletes.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Glutamine Supplementation and Exercise: A Narrative Review of Biochemical Mechanisms and Timing Strategies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- The role of biotics and bioactive compounds in sports injuries: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Review
- Bovine Collagen Peptide Improves Hypoxia Tolerance and Anti-Fatigue Capacity in Hypobaric Hypoxic Environments: A Combined Animal and Human Study.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Sportomics Analyses of the Exercise-Induced Impact on Amino Acid Metabolism and Acute-Phase Protein Kinetics in Female Olympic Athletes.Nutrients · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMaintaining proper immune function and hormone status is important for athletes to avoid upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and insufficient recovery, which is detrimental to sport performance and health. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether three-week supplementation of L-glutamine could benefit the mucosal immunity and hormonal status of combat-sport athletes as well as their rates of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and subjective feelings of well-being after intensive training.
methodsTwenty-one combat-sport athletes from the National Taiwan University of Sport were recruited in this study. After intensive training, two groups of the participants were asked to consume powder form of 0.3 g/kg body weight of L-glutamine (GLU group) or maltodextrin (PLA group) with drinking water in a randomized design at the same time every day during 3 weeks. Saliva samples were collected to measure immunoglobulin A (IgA), nitric oxide (NO), testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) before and after three-week supplementation; moreover, Hooper's index questionnaires were completed for wellness assessment. The incidence and duration of URTI were recorded by using a health checklist throughout the entire study period.
resultsSupplementation of L-glutamine significantly enhanced the concentrations of IgA and NO in saliva; additionally, the incidence of URTI was significantly reduced. Regarding hormones, T concentration was significantly decreased in the PLA group, whereas C concentration was significantly increased, resulting in a significant decrease of T/C ratio. In contrast, the GLU group showed a significant increase of T/C ratio, while the mood scores of the Hooper's index questionnaire were higher in the PLA group.
conclusionsThree-week supplementation of L-glutamine after intensive training enhanced the mucosal immunity, improved hormonal status and reduced the rate of URTI of combat-sport athletes while feelings of well-being were also enhanced. Therefore, L-glutamine would be beneficial for the sports performance and recovery of athletes.
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