ArticleNature immunology2024
A pairwise cytokine code explains the organism-wide response to sepsis.
Article in Nature immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical practice guideline for renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (2026 edition).Journal of intensive medicine · 2026Article
- Insights from integrative spatial transcriptomics in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Ablation-immunotherapy synergy in cancer: mechanisms of the abscopal effect, emerging clinical applications, and translational roadmaps for next-generation onco-immunology.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Article
- Hallmarks of the multidimensional immune response to trauma in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- A portable nanobiosensor with machine learning: enabling multi-cytokines point-of-care testing and early identification of sepsis immunoparalysis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Brain endothelial cells orchestrate a neuroprotective antiviral state in the CNS in response to peripheral viral pattern sensing.Immunity · 2026Article
- Timing-dependent renal protection of dapagliflozin in endotoxemic diabetic mice by real-time GFR and biomarkers.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- AI-driven pipeline discovers ombuin as a novel M1 macrophage polarization inhibitor for sepsis treatment.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Inflammation-driven mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS accumulation orchestrate pulmonary fibrotic remodeling in sepsis.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Rotavirus mucosal immunology: insights and research priorities from an international convening in Liverpool, March 2024.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- An explainable machine learning model for early pediatric sepsis prediction using cytokine and routine laboratory data.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Transforming the cytokine literature into a resource for experimental analysis and discovery.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Beyond the Cell Atlas: Functional Communities as the Essential Pathologic Units Driving Kidney Disease.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Review
- Secreted phospholipase PLA2G5 acts as a hemolytic factor in sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Phospholipase PLA2G5-triggered hemolysis emerges as a contributor to sepsis lethality.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Novel Susceptibility Genes for Sepsis Revealed by a Cross-Tissue Transcriptome-Wide Association Study.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- A new murine gram-negative sepsis model with standard care satisfies Sepsis-3 and reproduces clinical pathology.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- FDA-approved drug library screen identifies antidepressants, antimicrobials, anti-COPD, and anti-CVD agents as blockers of NLRP3 inflammasome and sepsis in a sex-dependent manner.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic response to infection with life-threatening consequences. Our understanding of the molecular and cellular impact of sepsis across organs remains rudimentary. Here, we characterize the pathogenesis of sepsis by measuring dynamic changes in gene expression across organs. To pinpoint molecules controlling organ states in sepsis, we compare the effects of sepsis on organ gene expression to those of 6 singles and 15 pairs of recombinant cytokines. Strikingly, we find that the pairwise effects of tumor necrosis factor plus interleukin (IL)-18, interferon-gamma or IL-1β suffice to mirror the impact of sepsis across tissues. Mechanistically, we map the cellular effects of sepsis and cytokines by computing changes in the abundance of 195 cell types across 9 organs, which we validate by whole-mouse spatial profiling. Our work decodes the cytokine cacophony in sepsis into a pairwise cytokine message capturing the gene, cell and tissue responses of the host to the disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.