Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38191377›Full record

Trial reportBMC cancer2024

Effects of educational interventions based on the theory of planned behavior on oral cancer-related knowledge and tobacco smoking in adults: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Anoosheh Ghasemian, Katayoun Sargeran, Mohammad Reza Khami, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
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  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anoosheh GhasemianResearch Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Katayoun SargeranResearch Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. k-sargeran@tums.ac.ir.
Mohammad Reza KhamiResearch Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ahmad Reza ShamshiriResearch Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

The Research Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1400-3-238-56966
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe theory of planned behavior (TPB) is an effective model for facilitating behavioral change. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of TPB-based educational interventions on oral cancer-related knowledge and tobacco smoking behavior in an Iranian adult population in 2022.

methodsIn this randomized controlled trial, a total of 400 healthy individuals were enrolled. The study was implemented in 20 urban health centers in the south of Tehran, Iran. The health centers were randomly allocated into two intervention groups. In group PowerPoint (PP), the participants received education through a 20-minute PowerPoint presentation complemented by a pamphlet. Group WhatsApp (WA) was educated via WhatsApp messages and images. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire at baseline, and at one- and three-month follow-ups. The outcomes were evaluated in terms of knowledge, tobacco smoking behavior, and the related model constructs i.e. intention, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) regression models were applied to assess the effect of interventions on repeated measurements of the outcomes. All analyses were conducted using STATA Software Version 17.

resultsOut of all the participants, 249 (62%) were women. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of age were 39.67 and 13.80 years. Overall, group PP had a significantly higher score of knowledge compared to group WA (β = 0.43, p = 0.005). No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to tobacco smoking and the related TPB constructs, except for attitude with a higher score in group PP compared to group WA (β = 0.50, p = 0.004). At the three-month follow-up, both interventions had significant effects on increasing knowledge (β = 4.41), decreasing tobacco smoking (OR = 0.54), and increasing intention (β = 1.11), attitude (β = 1.22), subjective norm (β = 1.37), and perceived behavioral control (β = 1.08) (P < 0.001).

conclusionsBoth interventions were effective in improving knowledge, tobacco smoking, and the TPB constructs after three months. Therefore, the application of both methods could be considered in the design and implementation of oral cancer prevention programs.

trial registrationThe trial protocol was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) on 04/03/2022 (registration number: IRCT20220221054086N1).

Indexed as

Mouth NeoplasmsTheory of Planned BehaviorAdultBehavior ControlFemaleHumansIranMaleTobacco SmokingEducational modelsMouth cancerPreventionTheory of planned behaviorTobacco smoking

Identifiers

PMID38191377
PMCPMC10775483
OpenAlexW4390673495

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.