ArticleClinical kidney journal2024
All-cause and immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute kidney injury in immune checkpoint inhibitor users: a meta-analysis of occurrence rate, risk factors and mortality.
Article in Clinical kidney journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, kidney recovery, and recurrent risk.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Pooled it
- Association of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Acute Kidney Injury: A Meta-Analysis and a Review of Related Outcomes.American journal of nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy and Risk of Glomerular Disease: A Large Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Biopsy-Confirmed Acute Interstitial Nephritis in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Single-Center Retrospective Case Series.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The nephrotoxic effects of anti-cancer therapies: consensus report of the 34th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroup.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Development and validation of interpretable machine learning models for predicting AKI risk in patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1: a retrospective study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy-Associated Renal Dysfunction in Metastatic Cancer: An Emerging Challenge in Onco-Nephrology.Cancers · 2025Article
- Ten tips for an onco-nephrology clinic.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Review
- Clinical features associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor nephritis: a single-center clinical case series.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors and acute kidney injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Kidney Transplant Recipients - A Review of Potential Complications and Management Strategies.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- Prediction Models and Prognostic Analysis of Immune-Related Acute Kidney Injury in Lung Cancer Patients.Technology in cancer research & treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the occurrence rate of ICI-related AKI has not been systematically examined. Additionally, exposure to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were considered as risk factors for AKI, but with inconclusive results in ICI-related AKI. Our aim was to analyse the occurrence rate of all-cause AKI and ICI-related AKI and the occurrence rates of severe AKI and dialysis-requiring AKI, and to determine whether exposure to PPIs and NSAIDs poses a risk for all-cause and ICI-related AKI. Methods: This study population was adult ICI recipients. A systematic review was conducted by searching MEDLINE, Embase and PubMed through October 2023. We included prospective trials and observational studies that reported any of the following outcomes: the occurrence rate of all-cause or ICI-related AKI, the relationship between PPI or NSAID exposure and AKI development or the mortality rate in the AKI or non-AKI group. Proportional meta-analysis and pairwise meta-analysis were performed. The evidence certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Results: A total of 120 studies comprising 46 417 patients were included. The occurrence rates of all-cause AKI were 7.4% (14.6% from retrospective studies and 1.2% from prospective clinical trials). The occurrence rate of ICI-related AKI was 3.2%. The use of PPIs was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-2.18] for all-cause AKI and an OR of 2.42 (95% CI 1.96-2.97) for ICI-related AKI. The use of NSAIDs was associated with an OR of 1.77 (95% CI 1.10-2.83) for all-cause AKI and an OR of 2.57 (95% CI 1.68-3.93) for ICI-related AKI. Conclusions: Our analysis revealed that approximately 1 in 13 adult ICI recipients may experience all-cause AKI, while 1 in 33 adult ICI recipients may experience ICI-related AKI. Exposure to PPIs and NSAIDs was associated with an increased OR risk for AKI in the current meta-analysis.
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