ArticleClinical kidney journal2024
Study of the association between serum levels of kynurenine and cardiovascular outcomes and overall mortality in chronic kidney disease.
Article in Clinical kidney journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Kidney Function Modulates Gut Microbial Metabolism.Toxins · 2026Article
- Selected tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory molecules in hemodialyzed patients.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Untangling amino acid metabolism in renal diseases: mechanisms, dysregulation, and critical gaps.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- The Impact of Clinical Variables and Dialysis Modality on Kynurenine Pathway Enzymes Expression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Optimization of Ibuprofen Route and Dosage to Enhance Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Clearance During Hemodialysis.Toxins · 2026Article
- The Role of Downstream Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in the Modulation of Cardiovascular Disease Development in Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2026Review
- Urinary betaine/creatinine ratio enhances diagnostic accuracy of PLA2R-Ab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Article
- Furosemide, an Old Friend of Nephrologists for the Treatment of CKD: Time to Rethink the Relationship?Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Kynurenine as a Predictor of Long-Term Mortality: A 10-Year Follow-Up from the KORONEF Registry.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Targeted Analysis of Serum and Urinary Metabolites for Early Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Role of Uremic Toxins in Vascular Inflammation Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Kynurenine Pathway after Kidney Transplantation: Friend or Foe?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Drugs with a negative impact on cognitive functions (part 3): antibacterial agents in patients with chronic kidney disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Review
- Metabolomic and Physiological Effects of a Cardiorenal Protective Diet Intervention in African American Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease.Metabolites · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Kynurenine is a protein-bound uremic toxin. Its circulating levels are increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Experimental studies showed that it exerted deleterious cardiovascular effects. We sought to evaluate an association between serum kynurenine levels and adverse fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in CKD patients. Methods: The CKD-REIN study is a prospective cohort of people with CKD having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m². Baseline frozen samples of total and free fractions of kynurenine and tryptophan were measured using a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry technique. Cause-specific Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for each outcome. Results: Of the 2406 included patients (median age: 68 years; median eGFR: 25 ml/min/1.73 m Conclusions: Our findings imply that serum-free kynurenine, independently of other cardiovascular risk factors (including eGFR), is associated with fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes, particularly non-atheromatous cardiovascular events; in patients with CKD. Strategies to reduce serum kynurenine levels should be evaluated in further studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.