ReviewCytokine & growth factor reviews2024
Unveiling cytokine charge disparity as a potential mechanism for immune regulation.
Review in Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional Nanostructured Carbon Honeycomb Monoliths for Hemoadsorption: Preliminary Studies on Biocompatibility, Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins and Inflammatory Cytokines Elimination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Microenvironment-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems for Ocular Surface Diseases: Mechanisms, Applications, and Translational Challenges.Small science · 2026Review
- Exploring the GM-CSF histidine triad as a modulator of structure, molecular motion, and ligand binding.RSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Beyond the chaos: How architecture structures tumour biology.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Modular noncovalent functionalization of electrospun piezoelectric scaffolds with bioactive nanocarriers.Biomaterials science · 2026Article
- The role of immunomodulatory nano systems in the treatment of sepsis: past, present, and future.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Telodendrimer nanotrap for selective cytokine removal from sepsis patient plasma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Elevated Interleukin-8 in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2: A Distinct Peripheral Immune Signature Unrelated To Disease Severity.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Profiling of Cytokines and Growth Factors: Pathogenic Roles and Clinical Applications in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Interleukin 15 (IL15)-based near-infrared photoimmunotherapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Stem cell secretome armed magneto-actuated micromotors as spatio-temporal manipulators for wound healing acceleration.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Harnessing Telodendrimer Nanotraps in Nanogels for Systemic Immune Modulation in Sepsis Treatment.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Lipid nanoparticles fromMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- Integrated bioinformatics and experiment validation reveal cuproptosis-related biomarkers and therapeutic targets in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Telodendrimer functionalized hydrogel platform for sustained antibiotics release in infection control.Acta biomaterialia · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cytokines are small signaling proteins that regulate the immune responses to infection and tissue damage. Surface charges of cytokines determine their in vivo fate in immune regulation, e.g., half-life and distribution. The overall negative charges in the extracellular microenvironment and the acidosis during inflammation and infection may differentially impact cytokines with different surface charges for fine-tuned immune regulation via controlling tissue residential properties. However, the trend and role of cytokine surface charges has yet to be elucidated in the literature. Interestingly, we have observed that most pro-inflammatory cytokines have a negative charge, while most anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines have a positive charge. In this review, we extensively examined the surface charges of all cytokines and chemokines, summarized the pharmacokinetics and tissue adhesion of major cytokines, and analyzed the link of surface charge with cytokine biodistribution, activation, and function in immune regulation. Additionally, we identified that the general trend of charge disparity between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines represents a unique opportunity to develop precise immune modulation approaches, which can be applied to many inflammation-associated diseases including solid tumors, chronic wounds, infection, and sepsis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.