Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38183059›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2024

Impact of orthodontic-induced facial morphology changes on aesthetic evaluation: a retrospective study.

Chao Liu, Siyuan Du, Zhengliang Wang, Shikai Guo, Mengjuan Cui, Qianglan Zhai, Manfei Zhang, Bing Fang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Chao Liu *Department of Orthodontics, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology &, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Siyuan Du *Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
Zhengliang WangDepartment of Orthodontics, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology &, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Shikai GuoDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Xi' an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi' an City, 710000, Shaanxi Province, China.
Mengjuan CuiDepartment of Orthodontics, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology &, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Qianglan ZhaiDepartment of Orthodontics, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology &, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Manfei ZhangBio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China. zhangmanfei@sjtu.edu.cn.
Bing FangDepartment of Orthodontics, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology &, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China. fangbing@sjtu.edu.cn.
Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital · CNShanghai Jiao Tong University · CN

Funding

COS Clinical Research Fund COS-C2021-10
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe profound influence of orthodontic treatments on facial aesthetics has been a topic of increasing interest. This study delves into the intricate interplay between orthodontic treatments, facial feature alterations, and aesthetic perceptions.

methodsA total of 73 patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment were included in this study. Facial photographs were taken before and after treatment. Ten orthodontists provided facial aesthetic ratings (FAR) for each patient's frontal, profile, and overall views. 48 facial landmarks were manually placed by the orthodontists and normalized using Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA). Two types of phenotypes were derived from facial landmarks. Global facial phenotypes were then extracted using principal component analysis (PCA). Additionally, 37 clinical features related to aesthetics and orthodontics were extracted. The association between facial features and changes in FAR after orthodontic treatment was determined using these two types of phenotypes.

resultsThe FAR exhibited a high correlation among orthodontic experts, particularly in the profile view. The FAR increased after orthodontic treatment, especially in profile views. Extraction of premolars and orthognathic surgery were found to result in higher FAR change. For global facial phenotypes, the most noticeable changes in the frontal and profile views associated with FAR occurred in the lip area, characterized by inward retraction of the lips and slight chin protrusion in the profile view, as well as a decrease in lip height in the frontal view. The changes observed in the profile view were statistically more significant than those in the frontal view. These facial changes were consistent with the changes from orthodontic treatment. For clinical features, two profile features, namely pg.sm.hori and pg.n.ls, were found to be associated with FAR following orthodontic treatment. The highest FAR scores were achieved when pg.sm.hori was at 80° and pg.n.ls was at 8°. On the other hand, frontal clinical features had a subtle effect on FAR during orthodontic treatment.

conclusionsThis study demonstrated that orthodontic treatment improves facial aesthetics, particularly at lip aera in the profile view. Profile clinical features, such as pg.sm.hori and pg.n.ls, are essential in orthodontic treatment which could increase facial aesthetics.

Indexed as

Esthetics, DentalFaceChinHumansLipRetrospective StudiesAesthetic evaluationsFacial aestheticsFacial landmarksOrthodontic treatmentPhenotypic grouping

Identifiers

PMID38183059
PMCPMC10768126
OpenAlexW4390609134

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.