Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38180994›Full record

ArticlePloS one2024

Detection of CTLA-4 level and humeral immune response after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine in certain Iraqi provinces participants.

Laith A I K Al-Kaif, Hussain Al-Ameri, Wael Rasheed Obaead Alfatlawi, Ammar Eesa Mahdi, Younis A K Al-Khafaji, Mohammad Abd-Kadhum Al-Saadi, Alaa H Al-Charrakh, Raheem T Al-Mammori, Mohammed Ahmed Al-Kaif

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Laith A I K Al-KaifDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Hammurabi College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Hussain Al-AmeriDepartment of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Wael Rasheed Obaead AlfatlawiDepartment of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Ammar Eesa MahdiBasic Science Department, College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Younis A K Al-KhafajiDepartment of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Mohammad Abd-Kadhum Al-SaadiBasic Science Department, College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Alaa H Al-CharrakhBasic Science Department, College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Raheem T Al-MammoriBabylon GIT Diseases Center, Merjan Medical City, Babylon Province, Hilla, Iraq.
Mohammed Ahmed Al-KaifDepartment of Cardiology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5673-3965
University of Babylon · IQFudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvaluating immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination is paramount to understanding vaccine effectiveness and optimizing public health interventions. This study seeks to elucidate individuals' immune status after administering a second dose of diverse COVID-19 vaccines. By analyzing immune responses through serological markers, we aim to contribute valuable insights into the uniformity of vaccine performance.

methodsA total of 80 participants were enrolled in this study, with demographic and COVID-19 infection-related data collected for categorization. Serum samples were acquired within a specified timeframe, and SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG rapid tests were conducted. Moreover, CTLA-4 levels were measured through ELISA assays, allowing us to assess the immune responses comprehensively. The participants were divided into eight groups based on various factors, facilitating a multifaceted analysis.

resultsThe outcomes of our investigation demonstrated consistent immune responses across the diverse types of COVID-19 vaccines administered in Iraq. Statistical analysis revealed no significant distinctions among the vaccine categories. In contrast, significant differences were observed in CTLA-4 among the control group (non-infected/non-vaccinated, infected/non-vaccinated) and infected/Pfizer, non-infected/Pfizer, and infected/Sinopharm, non-infected/sinopharm (P = 0.001, < 0.001, 0.023, respectively). This suggests that these vaccines exhibit comparable effectiveness in eliciting an immune response among the study participants.

conclusionsIn conclusion, our study's results underscore the lack of discriminatory variations between different COVID-19 vaccine types utilized in Iraq. The uniform immune responses observed signify the equitable efficacy and performance of these vaccines. Despite minor quantitative discrepancies, these variations do not hold statistical significance, reaffirming the notion that the various vaccines serve a similar purpose in conferring protection against COVID-19.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesImmunity, HumoralAntibodies, ViralCTLA-4 AntigenHumansImmunityImmunoglobulin GIraqSARS-CoV-2Antibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesCTLA-4 AntigenImmunoglobulin G

Identifiers

PMID38180994
PMCPMC10769031
OpenAlexW4390606679

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.