ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2024
Recruitment and Maintenance of CX3CR1+CD4+ T Cells during Helminth Infection.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progenitor T cells drive chronic pulmonary type 2 inflammation.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- CX3CR1-mediated immune networks in sepsis: implications for precision therapy.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Beyond T-cell subsets: stemness and adaptation redefining immunity and immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring Gene Expression Changes in Murine Female Genital Tract Tissues Following Single and Co-Infection withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Distinct subsets of T lymphocytes express CX3CR1 under inflammatory conditions, but little is known about CX3CR1+CD4+ T cells during type 2 inflammation in helminth infections. In this study, we used a fate-mapping mouse model to characterize CX3CR1+CD4+ T cells during both acute Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and chronic Schistosoma mansoni murine models of helminth infections, revealing CX3CR1+CD4+ T cells to be an activated tissue-homing subset with varying capacity for cytokine production. Tracking these cells over time revealed that maintenance of CX3CR1 itself along with a TH2 phenotype conferred a survival advantage in the inflamed tissue. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of fate-mapped CX3CR1+CD4+ T cells from both the peripheral tissue and the spleen revealed a considerable level of diversity and identified a distinct population of BCL6+TCF-1+PD1+CD4+ T cells in the spleen during helminth infections. Conditional deletion of BCL6 in CX3CR1+ cells resulted in fewer CX3CR1+CD4+ T cells during infection, indicating a role in sustaining CD4+ T cell responses to helminth infections. Overall, our studies revealed the behavior and heterogeneity of CX3CR1+CD4+ T cells during type 2 inflammation in helminth infections and identified BCL6 to be important in their maintenance.
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