Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38180165›Full record

ArticleMaternal & child nutrition2024

Identifying and understanding barriers to optimal complementary feeding in Kenya.

Penjani Kamudoni, Laura Kiige, Flaminia Ortenzi, Ty Beal, Stella Nordhagen, Veronica Kirogo, Caroline Arimi, Charity Zvandaziva, Aashima Garg, Patrick Codjia and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Maternal & child nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Penjani KamudoniUNICEF Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya.
Laura KiigeUNICEF Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya.
Flaminia OrtenziGlobal Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), Geneva, Switzerland.
Ty BealGlobal Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0398-9825
Stella NordhagenGlobal Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), Geneva, Switzerland.
Veronica KirogoKenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
Caroline ArimiKenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
Charity ZvandazivaUNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office, Nairobi, Kenya.
Aashima GargUNICEF Head Quarters, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9387-8530
Patrick CodjiaUNICEF Tanzania Country Office, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID 0009-0008-4175-3654
Christiane RudertUNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office, Nairobi, Kenya.

Funding

Gates Foundation OPP1179059
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Optimal complementary feeding between the ages of 6 and 23 months provides children with the required range of nutritious and safe foods while continuing to be breastfed to meet their needs for essential nutrients and develop their full physical and cognitive potential. The rates of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life have increased from 32% in 2008 to 60% in 2022 in Kenya. However, the proportion of children between 6 and 23 months receiving a minimum acceptable diet remains low and has declined from 39% in 2008 to 31% in 2023. The Kenyan Ministry of Health, GAIN and UNICEF collaborated to understand the drivers of complementary feeding practices, particularly proximal determinants, which can be directly addressed and acted upon. A secondary analysis of household surveys and food composition data was conducted to outline children's dietary patterns within the different regions of Kenya and the extent to which the affordability of animal-source foods could be improved. Ethnographic data were analyzed to identify socio-cultural barriers to optimal complementary feeding. Furthermore, we outlined the critical steps for developing user-friendly and low-cost complementary feeding recipes. The results of all the analyses are presented in five of the six papers of this Special Issue with this additional paper introducing the Kenyan context and some of the critical findings. The Special Issue has highlighted multidimensional barriers surrounding the use and availability of animal-source foods. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for a multi-sectoral approach in enacting policies and programmes that address these barriers.

Indexed as

Anthropology, CulturalBreast FeedingAnimalsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFoodHumansInfantKenyabarrierschild nutritioncomplementary feedingKenya

Identifiers

PMID38180165
PMCPMC10782142

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.