Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38177352›Full record

ReviewMolecular psychiatry2024

A primer on the use of machine learning to distil knowledge from data in biological psychiatry.

Thomas P Quinn, Jonathan L Hess, Victoria S Marshe, Michelle M Barnett, Anne-Christin Hauschild, Malgorzata Maciukiewicz, Samar S M Elsheikh, Xiaoyu Men, Emanuel Schwarz, Yannis J Trakadis and 18 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Systematic Review of the Application of Graph Neural Networks to Extract Candidate Genes and Biological Associations.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Big data and psychiatry: advances, constraints and future directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026
    Article
  4. Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Multimodal Learning in Psychiatry: A Scoping Review.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Innovation with rigor in personalized medicine: back to the basics.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Psychiatric Genomics 2025: State of the Art and the Path Forward.The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Thomas P Quinn *Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute (A2I2), Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0286-6329
Jonathan L Hess *Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8406-632X
Victoria S MarsheInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1762-4819
Michelle M BarnettSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2621-8302
Anne-Christin HauschildDepartment of Medical Informatics, Medical University Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, 37075, Germany.
Malgorzata MaciukiewiczHospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland.
Samar S M ElsheikhPharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada.
Xiaoyu MenPharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada.
Emanuel SchwarzDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0261-5063
Yannis J TrakadisDepartment Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
Michael S BreenPsychiatry, Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
Eric J BarnettDepartment of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
Yanli Zhang-JamesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2104-0963
Mehmet Eren AhsenDepartment of Business Administration, Gies College of Business, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4907-0427
Han CaoDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany.
Junfang ChenDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany.
Jiahui HouDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
Asif SalekinElectrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0807-8967
Ping-I LinDiscipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9739-7184
Kristin K NicodemusUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK.
Andreas Meyer-LindenbergClinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany.
Isabelle BichindaritzBiomedical and Health Informatics/Computer Science Department, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY, 13126, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1712-490X
Stephen V FaraoneDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9217-3982
Murray J CairnsSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2490-2538
Gaurav PandeyDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1939-679X
Daniel J MüllerPharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4978-4400
Stephen J GlattDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA. stephen.glatt@psychgenelab.com.ORCID 0000-0002-0360-7567
Machine Learning in Psychiatry (MLPsych) Consortium

Funding

SLE Treatment with N-acetylcysteineU01AR076092 · NIAMS · UPSTATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY · PI Michael P McDermott, Andras Perl · 2020 to 2026
$7.9M
Discoveries in ADHD genomics: Help or hype in clinical settings?R01MH116037 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI DOYLE, ALYSA E · 2019 to 2023
$4.4M
Genetic Predictors, Transcriptomic Biomarkers, & Neurobiological Signatures of Resilience to Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG064955 · NIA · UPSTATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY · PI FENNEMA-NOTESTINE, CHRISTINE, GLATT, STEPHEN J · 2019 to 2023
$3.8M
Integrating genomic and clinical data to predict disease phenotypes using heterogeneous ensemblesR01HG011407 · NHGRI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI SUAREZ-FARINAS, MAYTE · 2021 to 2024
$2.3M
Integrating Genetic, Neuroimaging, Transcriptomic, and Clinical Risk Factors as Multivariate Predictors of Cognitive Deterioration in Alzheimer's Disease.R01NS128535 · NINDS · UPSTATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY · PI HESS, JONATHAN · 2022 to 2024
$1.2M
Profiling the Functional Genetics of Health and Disease using BrainGENIE: The Brain Gene Expression and Network Imputation EngineR21MH126494 · NIMH · UPSTATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY · PI GLATT, STEPHEN J, HESS, JONATHAN · 2021 to 2022
$446k
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG011407NIAMS NIH HHS U01 AR076092NIA NIH HHS R01 AG064955NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH116037NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH126494NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS128535
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Applications of machine learning in the biomedical sciences are growing rapidly. This growth has been spurred by diverse cross-institutional and interdisciplinary collaborations, public availability of large datasets, an increase in the accessibility of analytic routines, and the availability of powerful computing resources. With this increased access and exposure to machine learning comes a responsibility for education and a deeper understanding of its bases and bounds, borne equally by data scientists seeking to ply their analytic wares in medical research and by biomedical scientists seeking to harness such methods to glean knowledge from data. This article provides an accessible and critical review of machine learning for a biomedically informed audience, as well as its applications in psychiatry. The review covers definitions and expositions of commonly used machine learning methods, and historical trends of their use in psychiatry. We also provide a set of standards, namely Guidelines for REporting Machine Learning Investigations in Neuropsychiatry (GREMLIN), for designing and reporting studies that use machine learning as a primary data-analysis approach. Lastly, we propose the establishment of the Machine Learning in Psychiatry (MLPsych) Consortium, enumerate its objectives, and identify areas of opportunity for future applications of machine learning in biological psychiatry. This review serves as a cautiously optimistic primer on machine learning for those on the precipice as they prepare to dive into the field, either as methodological practitioners or well-informed consumers.

Indexed as

Biological PsychiatryMachine LearningBiomedical ResearchHumansPsychiatry

Identifiers

PMID38177352
PMCPMC11228968

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.