ArticlePloS one2024
Isolation of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) from Solanum nigrum L. berries and Their Effect on interleukin-6 expression as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress on exosomes in the otology field: a systematic review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- The potential of plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles fromFuture science OA · 2026Article
- Article
- Engineering Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles as Bioinspired Nanocarriers: From Physicochemical Properties to Tumor Delivery Performance.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Isolation, Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as emerging cardioprotective agents for cardiovascular diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Experimental Characterization Combined with Computational Network Analysis of Metabolites Associated with Chrysanthemum morifolium-derived exosome-like Nanoparticles in Predicting Potential AKI-relevant Targets.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Exosome-like nanoparticles from the Okinawan medicinal plantBiomedical reports · 2026Article
- Experimental Characterization Combined with Computational Network Analysis of Metabolites Associated with Chrysanthemum morifolium-derived exosome-like Nanoparticles in Predicting Potential AKI-relevant Targets.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Plant-Derived Nanovesicles: A Comprehensive Review from Isolation to Clinical Translation-Unlocking Natural Nanocarriers for Biomedical Applications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Exosomes-mediated intercellular communication and their theragnostic potential against cancer and related disorders: a comprehensive review.Biotechnology letters · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Insights into Plant-Derived Exosomes, Their Cross-Kingdom Effects, and Potential Biomedical Applications in Skin Wounds Repair.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants and Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of horsetail and lavender-derived nanovesicles in wound healing and antioxidant defense.BMC biotechnology · 2026Article
- Carrot extracellular nanovesicles as carotenoid carriers in an in vitro macular degeneration model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Purification and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Walnut Exosome-like Nanoparticles.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Flos sophorae immaturus exosome-like nanovesicles alleviate ulcerative colitis by attenuating intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation through activating Aryl hydrocarbon receptor via gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism regulation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Plant-derived exosomes: an emerging delivery platform for cancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Anti-obesity Effects of Panax ginseng-derived exosomes via AMPK-mediated inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Plant-Derived Extracellular-Vesicle-Like Particles: Immune Regulation and Disease Therapy.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammation is a temporary response of the immune system that can be treated using common anti-inflammatory drugs. However, prolonged use of these drugs increases the risk of adverse side effects. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for alternative treatments for inflammation with fewer side effects. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by most eukaryotic cells and have been studied as a candidate for cell-free therapy for inflammatory diseases due to their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. In recent years, the focus of exosome research has shifted from animal cell-derived exosomes to plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs). Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) are easier to obtain, have minimal safety concerns, and can be produced in higher quantities and lower cost than exosomes derived from animal cells. In this study, the isolation and analysis of the anti-inflammatory potential of PDENs from black nightshade berries (Solanum nigrum L.) were carried out. The results of isolation and characterization showed that PDENs had a spherical morphology, measuring around 107 nm with zeta potential of -0.6 mV, and had a protein concentration of 275.38 μg/mL. PDENs were also shown to be internalized by RAW264.7 macrophage cell line after 2 hours of incubation and had no cytotoxicity effect up to the concentration of 2.5 μg/mL. Furthermore, exposure to several doses of PDENs to the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene IL-6, as well as the expression of IL-6 protein up to 97,28%. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of neral, a monoterpene compound with known anti-inflammatory properties, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of PDENs isolated from Solanum nigrum L. berries. Taken together, the present study was the first to isolate and characterize PDENs from Solanum nigrum L. berries. The results of this study also demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity of PDEN by suppressing the production of IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.