ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Multi-omics computational analysis unveils the involvement of AP-1 and CTCF in hysteresis of chromatin states during macrophage polarization.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- The plasticity and metabolic reprogramming of macrophage in ulcerative colitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Persistent Activation of Endothelial Cells is Linked to Thrombosis and Inflammation in Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The role of multiomics in revealing the mechanism of skin repair and regeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- In Silico Analysis Revealed Marco (SR-A6) and Abca1/2 as Potential Regulators of Lipid Metabolism in M1 Macrophage Hysteresis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Macrophages display extreme plasticity, and the mechanisms and applications of polarization and de-/repolarization of macrophages have been extensively investigated. However, the regulation of macrophage hysteresis after de-/repolarization remains unclear. In this study, by using a large-scale computational analysis of macrophage multi-omics data, we report a list of hysteresis genes that maintain their expression patterns after polarization and de-/repolarization. While the polarization in M1 macrophages leads to a higher level of hysteresis in genes associated with cell cycle progression, cell migration, and enhancement of the immune response, we found weak levels of hysteresis after M2 polarization. During the polarization process from M0 to M1 and back to M0, the factors IRFs/STAT, AP-1, and CTCF regulate hysteresis by altering their binding sites to the chromatin. Overall, our results show that a history of polarization can lead to hysteresis in gene expression and chromatin accessibility over a given period. This study contributes to the understanding of de-/repolarization memory in macrophages.
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