ArticleNutrition journal2024
Trends and disparities in prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases by food security status in the United States.
Article in Nutrition journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Food Insecurity and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome-Related Conditions Among US Adults, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2020.Preventing chronic disease · 2026Article
- Social Needs and Type 2 Diabetes in Latinos: An Integrative Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Multiomics: the intersection of personalized nutrition in cardiometabolic diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Direct and Indirect Pathways Between Food Insecurity and Glycemic Control in Adults with Diabetes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Understanding the association of food insecurity and nutrition insecurity with diet quality: a cross-sectional analysis of 2 national samples.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Association between population level social risk factors and prevalence of diabetes.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Bridging the gap in obesity research: A consensus statement from the European Society for Clinical Investigation.European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Food insecurity and cardiovascular disease risk factors among U.S. adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Psychological and socio-economic correlates of cardiovascular health among young adults in Puerto Rico.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated the association between food security and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), yet none have investigated trends in prevalence of CMDs by food security status in the United States (US).
methodsSerial cross-sectional analysis of the US nationally representative data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) was conducted among adults aged 20 years or older. Food security status was defined by the US Household Food Security Survey Module (full, marginal, low, and very low food security). We estimated the age-adjusted prevalence of CMDs including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease by food security status. Racial and ethnic disparities in age-adjusted prevalence of CMDs by food security status were also assessed.
resultsA total of 49,738 participants were included in this analysis (weighted mean age 47.3 years; 51.3% women). From 1999 to 2018, the age-adjusted prevalence of CMDs was lower in full food secure group as compared with other groups. For example, trends in hypertension decreased from 49.7% (47.5-51.8%) to 45.9% (43.8-48.0%) (P-trend = 0.002) among the full and from 54.2% (49.9-58.5%) to 49.7% (46.8-52.6%) (P-trend = 0.02) among the marginal but remained stable among the low at 49.7% (47.9-51.6%) and among the very low at 51.1% (48.9-53.3%) (P-interaction = 0.02). Prevalence of diabetes increased from 8.85% (8.15-9.60%) to 12.2% (11.1-13.5%) among the full (P-trend < 0.001), from 16.5% (13.2-20.4%) to 20.9% (18.6-23.5%) (P-trend = 0.045) among the marginal and from 14.6% (11.1-19.0%) to 20.9% (18.8-23.3%) (P-trend = 0.001) among the low but remained stable at 18.8% (17.0-20.9) among the very low (P-trend = 0.35) (P-interaction = 0.03). Racial and ethnic differences in prevalence of CMD by food security status were observed. For example, among individuals with full food secure status, the prevalence of diabetes was 9.08% (95% CI, 8.60-9.59%) for non-Hispanic whites, 17.3% (95% CI, 16.4-18.2%) for non-Hispanic blacks, 16.1% (95% CI, 15.0-17.4%) for Hispanics and 14.9% (95% CI, 13.3-16.7%) for others. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Prevalence of CMDs was greatest among those experiencing food insecurity, and food insecurity disproportionately affected racial/ethnic minorities. Disparities in CMD prevalence by food security status persisted or worsened, especially among racial/ethnic minorities.
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