ArticleESMO open2024
Long-term second primary cancer risk in adolescent and young adult (15-39 years) cancer survivors: a population-based study in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2018.
Article in ESMO open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risks of colorectal and extracolonic cancers following colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Pooled it
- Determinants of transition readiness among adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer: a systematic review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Review
- Article
- Cancer Screening Uptake and Usual Source of Care Among Hispanic Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer.Journal of adolescent and young adult oncology · 2026Article
- Hospitalization for medical conditions in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study using the Netherlands Cancer Registry.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Management of late toxicities and specific follow-up needs of adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: recommendations from scientific societies in Spain.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Article
- Secondary Lung Cancer among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer: A Population-Based Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Lack of Routine Health Care Among Adult Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancers (CAYA): A Nationally Representative Study of 4300 Survivors.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Survival Analysis of Secondary Primary Lung Cancer After Breast Cancer Patients: Insights From a Retrospective Single-Center Study of Clinical Outcomes and Prognostic Indicators.Thoracic cancer · 2025Article
- Second primary non-breast cancers in young breast cancer survivors.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Survivorship after adolescent and young adult cancer: models of care, disparities, and opportunities.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFew studies have comprehensively investigated the long-term second cancer risk among adolescent and young adult (AYA, aged 15-39 years) cancer survivors. This study investigated the long-term second cancer risk by including the full range of first and second cancer combinations with at least 10 observations in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2018. MATERIALS AND
methodsFirst and second primary cancer data of all 6-month AYA cancer survivors were obtained from the nationwide population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Excess cancer risk compared to the general population was assessed with standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and absolute excess risk (AER) statistics up to 25 years after diagnosis. Cumulative incidences were estimated, using death as a competing risk factor. Analyses were carried out with and without applying multiple cancer rules.
resultsThe cohort included 99 502 AYA cancer survivors. Male survivors had a 2-fold higher risk of developing any cancer compared to the general population, whereas this was around 1.3-fold in females. AERs were 17.5 and 10.1 per 10 000 person-years for males and females. The long-term excess risk of cancer was significantly higher for most first and second primary cancer combinations, but comparable and lower risk estimates were also observed. Application of the multiple cancer rules resulted in a noticeable risk underestimation in melanoma, testicular, and breast cancer survivors. Risk outcomes remained similar in most cases otherwise. The cumulative incidence of second cancer overall increased over time up to 8.9% in males and 10.3% in females at 25 years' follow-up. Highest long-term cumulative incidences were observed among lymphoma survivors (13.3% males and 18.9% females).
conclusionsAYA cancer survivors have a higher cancer risk compared to the general population for most cancers up to 25 years after their initial cancer diagnosis. Additional studies that investigate risk factors for the specific cancer type combinations are needed to develop personalized follow-up strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.